1.  Much higher levels of unemployment  Low levels of trust and social capital  Higher levels of divorce  Lower quality of health care

2.  Higher infant mortality rate  Lower educational achievement  More likely to drop out of school  Higher incidents of mental illness

3.  ◦ The development of an oppositional sub-culture ◦ A response to “alienation”  The code “dictates” social interaction in the inner city  The code as a:

4.  Socialization at home and on the streets  The code is “just”  families ◦ Generally accept “mainstream” values  families  Campaigning for Respect”  What is “respect?” ◦

5.  Gaining Respect ◦ ◦  ◦ A violent, “zero-sum” game.  ◦  Manhood, and the code as a shield

6.  What is Justice?  Key Concepts ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦

7.  Setting the stage ◦ Rising crime rate in DC  ◦ Demographic trends ◦ Martinson, 1974  ◦ Rise of “just desserts” model of punishment

8.  The “objective” vs. the “subjective”   ◦ 64 arrests within a two-block radius ◦ 120 men “admitted to the D.C. correctional system…”  25% of them on drug charges  Others on charges related to drug addiction

12.  Barring Blacks from White neighborhoods ◦ ◦ ◦  Population shifts from the cities to the suburbs  Social Disorganization

13.  Living in a socially-disorganized neighborhood ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦

14.  Becoming socially disorganized ◦ Signs of social disorganization      ◦ Consequences of social disorganization

15.  The loss of human and social capital. ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦

16.  Loss of community  Different perspectives ◦ ◦

17.  Value families no less than others  Missing fathers in ½ the families  Why are they missing?  Collateral damage…

18.  Importance of families for socialization  Londa and Derek ◦ Network map on page 42 ◦ ◦ ◦