1. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium 19-20 October 2006 1 MIMAC 2006 : International conference on Marine Incidents Management Current developments in the risk policy of the North Sea: from a tripartite to a quadripartite Bonn Agreement responsability zone. Eric Donnay FPS Public Health, Food Chain Safety and Environment Directorate-general Environment Marine environment unit

2. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 2 Outline Background The Bonn Agreement The risk of marine pollution From a tripartie to a quadripartite zone of responsibility Summary and conclusions

3. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 3 Background The Torrey Canyon accident (18 th March 1967)

4. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 4 Background The Torrey Canyon accident (18 th March 1967) Lessons learnt: Need for specific response techniques Need for international cooperation

5. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 5 Background 1969: « Agreement for cooperation in dealing with the pollution of the North sea by oil » 1983: Scope extended to harmful substances other than oil … : Accession of Ireland, realignement of zones of responsibilities

6. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 6 Background

7. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 7 Background European Mechanisms: Community framework for cooperation in the field of accidental or deliberate marine pollution. Community mechanism for reinforced cooperation in civil protection assistance and intervention. European Maritime Safety Agency (EMSA)

8. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 8 Background International (IMO): OPRC 1990. OPRC-HNS protocol 2000

9. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 9 Bonn Agreement Bonn Agreement area:

10. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 10 Bonn Agreement Scope and activities: Promote sharing of information and resources in response to marine spills. Encourage sharing of surveillance ressources as an aid to detecting and combating marine pollution and prevent violation of anti-pollution regulations. Encourage Contracting Parties to come to the aid of others by providing pollution response assests and other ressources when needed.

11. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 11 Bonn Agreement Main activities: Aerial surveillance of marine pollution Pollution combating

12. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 12 Bonn Agreement Current developments: Accession of Ireland Realignment of the responsibility zones

13. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 13 Bonn Agreement Products: Guidelines and standard procedures: – Aerial surveillance handbook – Bonn Agreement counter-pollution manual

14. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 14 The risk: assessment and evolution Sources of marine (oil) pollution:

15. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 15 The risk: assessment and evolution Types of ship-sourced marine pollution: Operational (tank washing, illegal discharges) Accidental

16. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 16 The risk: assessment and evolution Causes of accidental ship-sourced marine pollution: Grounding Structural failure combined with bad weather Collision

17. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 17 The risk: assessment and evolution Situation and trends : tanker oil spills in the world (ITOPF)

18. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 18 The risk: assessment and evolution Situation and trends : Bonn Agreement aerial surveillance

19. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 19 The risk: assessment and evolution Situation and trends : Belgian aerial surveillance programme

20. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 20 The risk: assessment and evolution Areas of concerns: General increase of volume of cargo transported by sea – Increase of the vessel’s traffic in the North sea. Change in oil trading patterns – Increase of the export of Russian oil trough the Baltic and the North Sea. Generalisation of the use of HFO and – Increase of the size of vessels and the size of bunkers.

21. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 21 The risk: assessment and evolution

22. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 22 The risk: assessment and evolution

23. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 23 The risk: assessment and evolution Therfore : The risk “zero” does not exist. Preparedness is essential (adequate response equipment and trained personnel)

24. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 24 Tri- to quadripartite zone of responsibility The southern part of the North Sea is characterised by: The concentration of the main shipping routes between the Dover Strait and the mouth of the river Scheldt. A very intense vessel’s traffic.

25. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 25 Tri- to quadripartite zone of responsibility

26. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 26 Tri- to quadripartite zone of responsibility Perspectives for the future : Reinforced cooperation leading to an optimal use of the pollution response capacity: – Optimal deployment of assets – Complementarity, – Interoperability

27. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 27 Summary and conclusions 1.The risk: The risk will always exist. Main source of concern: General increase of transportation of oil and HNS in the North Sea and of exportation of Russian oil. Risk analysis is important and must be updated regularly.

28. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 28 Summary and conclusions 2. Response: Preparedness: need for specialist pollution response equipment and trained personnel. Sustainability trough regional and sub-regional cooperation Quadripartite zone of responsibility is a basis for reinforced cooperation aiming at increasing the efficiency for dealing with marine pollution.

29. FPS PUBLIC HEALTH, FOOD CHAIN SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT MIMAC 2006, « Provinciaal Hof », Bruges, Belgium, 19-20 October 2006 29 Thank you …