1. Perspective on Effective Leadership Behaviour Pertemuan 6 OFC Matakuliah: G0934 / Leadership and Organisation Tahun: 2007

2. Bina Nusantara 2 Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter students should be able to: Understand what research methods have been used to study leadership behaviour. Understand the findings in the early research on leadership behaviour. Understand how leadership behaviour can be described with either broad or specific categories. Understand the different methods for developing taxonomies of leadership behaviour. Understand why task and relations behaviour are important for leadership effectiveness. Understand how specific types of task and relations behaviour can be used effectively. Understand why it is useful to classify leadership behaviour in terms of a three- dimensional model. Understand the contributions and limitations of the behaviour approach.

3. Bina Nusantara 3 Outline Materi The Ohio State Leadership Studies The Michigan Leadership Studies Limitation of Survey Research Experiments on Task and Relations Behaviour Research Using Critical Incidents The High-High Leader Leadership Behaviour Taxonomies Specific Task Behaviour Specific Relations Behaviours Evaluation of the Behaviour Approach

4. Bina Nusantara 4 Perspective on Effective Leadership Behaviour

5. Bina Nusantara 5 An integrating framework for Classifying Behaviour T C R TWO Alternative Conceptions of Task, Relations, and Change-Oriented Behavior

6. Bina Nusantara 6 Change Oriented Task Oriented Relations Oriented A specific leadership behavior will involve a mix of;

7. Bina Nusantara 7 Specific task Behaviour Planning work activities – Planning means deciding what to do, how to do it, who will do it and when it will be done. – Planning is largely a cognitive activity involving processing of information, analyzing, and deciding. – Planning is most observable when a manager takes action to implement plans by communicating them to others and making specific task assignment.

8. Bina Nusantara 8 Guidelines for action planning Identify necessary action steps Identify the optimal sequence Of action steps Estimate the time needed To carry out each action step Estimate the cost of Each action step Determine starting times and Deadlines for each action step Determine who will be accountable For each action step Develop procedures for monitoring progress

9. Bina Nusantara 9 Clarifying roles and objectives – Defining job responsibilities – Assigning work – Setting performance goals

10. Bina Nusantara 10 Monitoring Operations – Identify and measure key performance indicators – Monitor key process variables as well as outcomes – Measure progress against plans and budgets – Develop independent source of information about performance – Observe operations directly when it is feasible – Ask specific questions about the work – Encourage reporting of problems and mistakes – Conduct periodic progress review meetings

11. Bina Nusantara 11 Specific relations behaviour Supporting Developing Recognizing Guidelines

12. Bina Nusantara 12 Evaluation of the behaviour approach

13. Bina Nusantara 13 Closing Summary – Two broadly defined categories of behavior – Leadership taxonomies – Key task-oriented behaviours that jointly affect subordinate performance. – Key relations-oriented behaviours

14. Bina Nusantara 14 Review and Discussion Questions Cases ‘Consolidated Products’ Companion Website : Exercises and Reading