1. EGR 106 – Week 2 – Arrays Definition, size, and terminology Construction methods Addressing and sub-arrays Some useful functions for arrays Character arrays Arrays chapter 2, pages 27-48 Scripts chapter 4, pages 77-81

2. Recall from Last Week Variables: placeholders for numerical data – equal sign is an assignment operator c = 7.5 c = c + 1 – naming restrictions (not pi, etc. ) – can be complex valued ( x = 3 + i 7 ) Basic math on numbers and variables: Precedence ( ) ^ * / + -

3. Uniformly Spaced Vectors Colon operator first : increment : maximum yields a row vector of equally spaced values – examples: 0 : 2 : 10 [ 0 2 4 6 8 10 ] 1 : 5 [ 1 2 3 4 5 ] 7 : -2 : -3 [ 7 5 3 1 -1 -3 ] 1 : 2 : 8 [ 1 3 5 7 ] – default for increment is 1 Note – does not hit 8!!

4. Arrays Fundamental data unit in Matlab – all variables are stored as arrays Data values organized into rows and columns – numeric or alphanumeric entries

5. Array Construction Direct specification: – Name followed by an equal sign ( = ), just like variables – List values within a pair of brackets ( [ ] ) – Enter data one row at a time left to right, top to bottom order space or comma between the values rows separated by semicolons or the enter key

6. Building Arrays >>a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9; 10 11 12] >>a = [1:3; 4:6; 7:9; 10:12]

7. Addressing and Sub-Arrays How to indicate a particular element within an array: – use parentheses after the array name – list desired row, comma, desired column – e.g. yield(2,4)

8. How About More than One Entry? Can specify a rectangular sub-array – again, use parenthesis after the array name – list desired rows, comma, desired columns as a vector, typically in brackets – e.g. yield([1 2],[3 4])

9. Addressing Errors

10. Things that do Work Single indexing of matrices counts down columns, starting at the top left

11. Some Useful Array Operators Transpose (single quote symbol ' ) – switches rows and columns

12. Useful Array Functions length(A) is the number of elements in the vector A [m n] = size(A), where A is a matrix with m rows and n columns ones(n) is an n x n matrix of ones zeros(n) is an n x n matrix of zeros

13. Character Arrays Rows of the array are strings of alphanumeric characters, one array entry per character Enter using a single quotation mark ( ' ) at each end

14. Assigning values with too large an index just grows the array

15. Scalars work for sub- array replacement – they just scale up to the right size

16. Replacing with a null matrix is the same as deleting – but it only works for entire rows or columns

17. Scripts – Simple Programs So far, commands have been typed in the command window: – Executed by pressing “enter” – Edited using the arrow keys or the history window

18. Script (m-file) Concept A file containing Matlab commands – Can be re-executed – Is easily changed/modified or e-mailed to someone Commands are executed one by one sequentially – File is executed by typing its name (without.m) – Results appear in the command window (or use ; ) Can be created using any text editor –.m extension – Listed in Current Directory window

19. Sample Scripts