1. 1 Pharm 511: Community Service Outreach Karan Dawson, PhD, RPh John Perkins, PhD Colleen Catalano, PharmD, Jennifer Danielson, PharmD University of Washington, School of Pharmacy

2. 2 Agenda Overview of course Introduction of Small Group Facilitation Carlson last minute question/answer

3. 3 Goals and Processes Develop skills for life long professional development Use selected qualitative research methods Reflective practices re – Quality – Challenges – Changes Intentional study of culture, pain, hope as professional responsibilities

4. 4 Human Development

5. 5 Course Overview Use selected qualitative research methods to – explore disability, cultural differences, professional values, community resources, quality of life issues (pain, hope) – practice critical and reflective thinking processes for quality assurance and personal satisfaction Work in a community service setting minimum of 2 hours/week as a research site Meet in small groups qow to apply observations and experiences to professional development and intentionally develop small group skills. Meet in as a large group qow to discuss selected skills

6. 6 Course Overview: Three Pillars Qualitative research methods Critical/reflective thinking Small group skills development To examine and practice skills necessary to professional development and the provision of quality care

7. 7 Qualitative Researchers “study things in their natural settings, attempting to make sense of, or to interpret, phenomena in terms of the meanings people bring to them.” 1 1 Denzin NK, Lincoln YS. (2000). Handbook of qualitative research, 2 nd Ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. p. 3

8. 8 Qualitative Research “involves the studied use and collection of a variety of empirical materials” – Case study - Artifacts – Personal experience - Cultural texts/productions – Introspection - Observations – Life story - Texts and visuals – Interview “that describe routine and problematic moments and meanings in individuals’ lives.” 1

9. 9 A Study Circle IS a small-group discussion involving deliberation and problem solving, in which an issue is examined from many perspectives; it is enriched by the members’ knowledge and experience, and often informed by expert information and discussion materials; it is aided by an impartial facilitator whose job is to manage the discussion. A Guide for Training Study Circle Facilitators, p. 22

10. 10 A Study Circle is NOT conflict resolution … mediation … a focus group … traditional education with teacher and pupils a facilitated meeting with a predetermined outcome … A Guide for Training Study Circle Facilitators, p. 22

11. 11 A.Opening with time for “CHECK-IN” B.Directing the process C.Watching the time D.Including everyone E.Enforcing the “GROUND RULES” F.Listening, paraphrasing, summarizing G. Using good process suggestions H. Praising and acknowledging I. Creating variety J. Concluding the session Facilitation Skills

12. 12 Participation Skills Listen carefully Keep an open mind Understand others’ positions Keep discussion on track Let others speak, too Address remarks to the group Communicate needs Value your experience and opinions Engage in friendly disagreement

13. 13 Typical Challenges Reluctant participators – Start with quick written exercise – Have everyone turn and share with one person – Use more round robins Discussion dominators – Ask for group vote on a ground rule to limit number and duration of turns – Try: “B____, we appreciate your eagerness to share. Could you make a few notes for yourself and share your thoughts after everyone has had a turn?”

14. 14 TYPICAL CHALLENGES (2) False statements – Ask if anyone knows different information – If point is not essential, let it go – Encourage members to look up information and Report back No excitement, group passive and flat – Use more round robins – Tease out inherent controversies - Old ways vs new ways, why change? - What is the right thing to do? What would you do? – Pick up the pace

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16. 16 "AND VARIATIONS" CREATING VARIETY 1. Participants craft questions 2. Invite a private response first in writing or art 3. Participants designate the follow-up questioner Vary … Who How What When Timing Pacing Rhythm Create a moment for preparation Gently compel participation Round Robins Random selection Stealth selection

17. 17 Wrap-Up Carlson Q & A Thank you for your participation Use your journal to collect data about your – site – class – experiences – reflections