1. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food A local & global eco-transport infrastructure proposal. Using lightweight pipeline-capsules to transport food. Reduces incremental CO 2 by 8% annually. Saves 17 billion litres of diesel per year in the UK. A BLUEPRINT FOR CROYDON, LONDON. Saving up to 490 vehicle journeys & 96,000 litres of diesel a day. Presented by Noel Hodson & Professor Fred Taylor February 2008 1

2. Noel HODSON – FOODTUBES Coordinator - is a project planner and manager with 30 years experience. He has a wide range of practical experiences including coordinating EC IST projects. Noel was Managing Director of Mallalieu Engineering, a motor vehicle prototype workshop which developed Microdot, possibly the world’s first hybrid petrol/electric car 1979/80 – giving him an enduring interest in energy and fuel efficient transport. Following 25 years as founding and managing partner in an accountancy practice, then as a Business Expansion Specialist, including promoting an £80M Oxford Research Science Park in conjunction with Wolfson College; in 1988 Noel Hodson set up SW2000 Telework Studies – to help to save the planet by reducing business travel. Clients have included BT, EC funded IST projects, WHO (Geneva), World Bank (DC), TfL, Bank Austria, Dresdner Bank, Nat-West, & Prudential. He creates Excel based Project-Planning-Tools for clients. 16 Brookside, OXFORD, OX3 7PJ Tel +44 (0) 1865 760994, email noel@noelhodson.com.noel@noelhodson.com Professor FW TAYLOR is Halley Professor of Physics at Oxford University and Distinguished Visiting Scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology. His department at Oxford is involved in American and European space missions to all the planets of the Solar System from Mercury to Saturn, plus the Moon and a comet, and he is the author of eight books, including The Cambridge Photographic Guide to the Planets (Cambridge University Press, 2001) and Elementary Climate Physics (Oxford University Press, 2005). Professor Taylor will lead the scientific, atmospheric impact analysis for FOODTUBES, with emphasis on the CO2 and pollution consequences. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food Presenters & contact address

3. 2 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

4. 3 ROADS UK transports 85,000 tonnes of “supermarket goods” every day. Burns diesel & generates 25% of road and rail freight traffic. 92% of the fuel moves the weight of the HGVs. 8% of the energy moves the goods. PIPELINES UK delivers 150 litres (33 gal) of water per person per day (OFWAT) and what goes in, must come out. …which is 18.6 million tonnes a day – 186 times the weight of food, transported with no pollution, securely through pipelines. 55% of the energy moves the water. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

5. 5 FGOSA licenses developers FGOSA FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

6. 6 A project to reduce pollution. Food & goods transport. 3.5 million capsules, 2 metres long, each 1.57M 3 via 1 metre diameter pipelines. UK’s 23 million households need 17,000 Klms of pipes. 40 capsules = One six axle, 44 tonne HGV. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

7. 7 All goods - 2005 “Articulated vehicles over 33 tonnes gross weight, account for 72 per cent of UK total tonne kilometres.” National Statistical Office £9.1B a year, is the societal costs in pollution, accidents and infrastructure damage, excluding fuel and vehicle costs, of UK food transport. Interpretation of data - AEA Technology report for DEFRA – 2002 80,000 to 100,000 food tonnes per day. 25% of road and rail freight traffic. 92% of the fuel moves the vehicles. 8% of the fuel moves the food. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

8. 8 There are many innovative solutions required to design an efficient system – propulsion, power feeds, capsules, monitoring, computer controls and maintenance techniques. The Research & Development costs are estimated at US$2 million. FOODTUBES will create a new global civil engineering industry. Technical questions include: Optimum propulsion method/s – LIMs & fluid dynamics. Energy /fuel consumption for propulsion. Dedicated energy supply – Drive housings. Pipeline materials – junctions - inspection hatches. Capsule designs for navigating junctions. Capsule design – materials – wheels – bearings – lifetime. Capsule speed/s – handling – freight capacity – heat/cold. Addressing – tracking – monitoring – controlling. Terminals – In & Out process – empty capsules – special cargos. Pipeline internal & external air pressures – distortion. Pipeline routes – underground – underwater – over-ground. Pipeline trenches, deep or shallow - foundations – elevated sections. Pipeline maintenance – pigs – engineering access – lifetime. Pipeline – emergency exits – capsule-traffic-jams. Security issues – banned cargo’s – sensors and feedback. Interfaces with established freight transport. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

9. Example of a 150 Klms system, e.g. a London Borough the size of Croydon: YR1 YR2 YR3 1) 211 365 461 Tonnes of food & goods per day 2)14,795 25,555 32,280 * Max. capacity – cubic metres per day 3)55,000 95,000 120,000 Households’ - shoppers 4)12,927 17,092 19,695 Capsules of 1 metre x 2 metres (1.57M 3 ) 5) 323 427 492 Saves (x) 44 tonne HGVs daily 6) 77.7 112.4 134.1 Kilometres of 1 metre Pipes 7) 27 163 314 Terminals - Shops, Depots, Public Access. € 942,247 € 1,372,435 € 1,764,710 Fuel/energy used (€1.31 per litre) €27,644,018 Saved - Fuel/energy by less HGVs use. (96,000 litres per day – 240,000 litres incl. decongestion ) € 485m € 603m € 695m Capital required € 7.50 € 8.50 € 10.0 Charge per capsule journey € 48.2m 65% €97.2m 75% €144.6m 80% Trading Profits (losses) pre-tax 100,000 200,000 200,000 Tonnes of Carbon Dioxide saved * Cubic Metres – air-filled - Cornflakes, paper-products, eggs, bread, packaging etc. 9 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

10. 10 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Developers are licensed by FGOSA, & could include: Major Civil Engineers e.g. Arup, Sir Robert McAlpine, Balfour Beatty, Major Pipeline Companies e.g. British Gas, Southern Water, Shell, BP, North Sea Oil, Gazprom. Major Transport Operators e.g. London Underground, Virgin Trains, British Airways, Network Rail FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

11. 11 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Project Finance could be assembled by: Major International Banks e.g. Citibank, HSBC, Lloyds-TSB, World Bank, The European Bank, USB, etc. UK Gov - London - Local Authorities Profitably involving London agencies may speed licenses. and help to establish the industry in the UK. London Stock Exchange and other flotations Given the good profitability, share capital could be raised at the outset for each 150 Klms section. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

12. 12 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users – Partners Long term owners could include: Pension Funds 4.25% dividend p.a. is provided in the financial forecasts. London & Local Authorities Profitably involving London agencies may speed licenses. LSE and other flotations With the high profitability, share capital could be raised at the outset. All traditional transporters and Supermarkets ought to diversify into the emerging sustainable technologies. General public – Owning a stake in food Share via planning gains, LVT - land value taxes, Birthright & other public wealth distribution processes. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

13. 13 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Terminals Major Food Supermarkets (75% of Market) e.g. TESCO, ASDA, Sainsbury's, Morrison's, Cooperative, Marks & Spencer, Waitrose, Budgen, Iceland, Somerfield, SPAR, Mace, Londis, Majestic Wine, Victoria Wine etc. Food processors, depots & hubs There are more than 100 UK major food “brand” companies e.g. Allied Bakeries, Cadbury Schweppes, Express Dairies, British Sugar, Kellogg UK, Unilever etc. etc. There are 1,318 firms in the UK Manufacturers & Processors Directory. Road & Rail Transport Firms There are more than 100,000 Road Transport firms With an average of 3.9 vehicles. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

14. 14 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Terminals  Major Supermarkets (75% of consumer market)  1,000’s of smaller shops  1,318 Food processors + warehouses - depots  100,000 Road & Rail Transport Firms  120,000 Farms  All rail, road, air and water freight yards  Public Access Terminals - for small traders  Waste processing sites FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

15. 15 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Why buy a Terminal? Improves Just-in-Time Stock Planning Small, regular, 24/7, GOODS-IN cargos Immediate GOODS-OUT & waste disposal Saves 80% of your transport costs Avoids £200 LEZ Charges - Clears the roads for customers Clean, Quiet, Secure, Fast Transport Reduces man-handling costs Saves the Earth & Saves London from floods FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

16. 16 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Why buy a Terminal? What if I don’t trade food? FOODTUBES is not only for food. Traders in any goods that can be carried in the capsules, will benefit from access to a Terminal. Freebies – Like many Internet business models FOODTUBES profits from traffic. It could pay to give terminals to customers. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

17. CROYDON & THE M25 17 FOODTUBES ™ The transport internet – really fast food FOODTUBES ™ The transport internet – really fast food BLUEPRINT FOR A LONDON BOROUGH.

18. Tesco CR0 8SB Tesco CR0 6AD Tesco CR0 2JJ Tesco CR7 7ND Tesco CR7 8RX Tesco CR0 8DN Tesco CR8 2HA Tesco CR7 6JH ASDA CR0 4XS Sainsbury CR0 1UP Sainsbury CR0 4XT Sainsbury CR2 8LA The Co-op CR0 6PQ The Co-op CR0 6RD The Co-op CR0 6RF The Co-op CR0 8TG The Co-op CR7 8BB The Co-op CR8 5AA Iceland CR0 1RG Iceland CR0 0JD Iceland CR7 8RX Somerfield CR0 1LG Somerfield CR0 9AS Somerfield CR4 Marks & Spencer CR9 1SH Waitrose CR5 2NB Waitrose CR2 9LE Waitrose CR3 6LB Budgens CR0 6HD Morrison CR5 2BB Spar CR0 2JG Spar CR2 6EN Spar CR4 1LU Mitcham Spar CR0 6BX Spar CR0 8EB Spar CR0 6RA Spar CR8 2AB Purley Londis CR0 3RA Londis CR0 2TH Majestic Wine CR2 9LG Millies Cookies CR0 1UT Cake Design CR2 British Bakeries CR4 4HX Di Gregorio Bakery CR0 3LE Dairy Crest CR8 2BJ Manydown Farm 5,000 acres CR0 4XG Meat Master CR0 1RN Cherryfield CR0 6BA Haji & Sons CR0 2RL Tuckers Meat Market CR0 1TA Croydon Halal Meat CR0 2RL Contnl Delicacies CR9 5AY Elmfield Fruit CR2 0JE Croydon Fruiterers CR0 3HA Ell’s CR7 7ES Leslies CR0 6RF Sanderstead Grocers CR2 0PH Abisha Enterprise CR0 2RL Spicyfoods CR0 2SS Selecta Fruits CR7 6BD David Pooley CR2 0NF J Roberts CR4 2PA 63 of CROYDON’s FOOD SHOPS 18

19. Costcutter Supermarkets - CR0 1ND MFC - CR0 2RF Select Supermarket - CR2 7PB Wingtai Supermarket - CR0 1RH Southend Supermarket - CR0 1BG TFC - CR0 2RF The Spices - CR0 8BJ Zornas Spices - CR8 2LE Eastern Spices - CR4 2AJ Fish machine - CR0 2JG Ossies Fish & Chips - CR0 6RA Croydon & Surrey Fish Co – CR0 1RH South Sea Fish Bar – CR2 6EL Fish Mania CR0 4PJ Mr Chippy – CR0 6BE Andreous Fish Shop CR0 7EP Google Earth’s – view of ASDA’s Loading Yard in Marlowe Way Croydon, shows 25 HGV’s /Trailers. The ASDA building has a footprint of 65,000 sq ft (5,800 sq metres). Croydon, LONDON More Food Shops – not on the map 19 Croydon has approximately 124,000 households to feed. CALCULATION for CROYDON Whole UK saves 17 billion litres. So / 23M and X 120K households = 89 million litres fuel saved p. a. (240,000 litres per day incl. decongestion effect)

20. 20 The FOODTUBES Team’s targets: 1) Acquire R&D funding. 2) Research and solve all technical matters. 3) Create civil engineering & financial computer models. 4) Register design-rights and intellectual property (IPR). 5) Assign rights to FGOSA* for onward licensing. 6) Retain technical problem solving role. 7) Receive IPR royalties via FGOSA. * FGOSA – Foodtubes Global Standards Agency. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

21. 21 NEXT STEPS REQUIRED. 1)Technical Specifications – $4M R&D budget. 2) Draw a blueprint for the first 150 kilometres system. 3) Appoint developer/s & owners and build the system. 4) Secure manufacturing bases and jobs. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

22. 22 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food PROPOSED STRUCTURE with TfL. 1) TfL funds the R&D, appoints TfL expert/s to share IPR and royalties via FGOSA (Foodtubes Global Standards Agency). 2) TfL shares control of manufacturing & tendering processes. 3) TfL assists with choice of capital financing options (PPP etc). 4) Roll-out across London, then UK. 5) Create a new civil engineering global export industry.

23. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food APPENDICES 1)Global Warming 2)Financial details 3)Pipes and Pipelines 4)Food & Goods Facts

25. A 2 NEXT CENTURY - SEA LEVEL MAY RISE: BY If/When the West Antarctic Ice Sheet melts – 19 feet If/When the Greenland ice sheet melts – 24 feet If/When the East Antarctic ice sheet melts – 170 feet Total 213 feet SCIAM – Feb 2008 64 metres “…predicting future sea level changes from the current climate models greatly underestimates the future contribution of the polar ice sheets to sea level rise” Robin E Bell, Columbia University, Vice chair, International Planning Group, For the International Polar Year. WHY BOTHER TO CUT EMISSIONS? WHY CHANGE THE TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE? FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

26. A 3 Serving all the UK’s 23M homes – annual profits & CO 2 saved

27. 496 A 4

28. A 5 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

29. A 6

30. A 7

31. A 8

32. A 9 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

33. A 10 “Of course ! …It’s a no-brainer. When can we buy in?” A Wall Street bonds and securities dealer and a USB New York bank manager, just 70 seconds into hearing that the large savings arise from swapping very heavy HGVs for very light capsules – and sending them along pipelines instead of roads. “We just hope we can make it all work.” Nervous members of the FOODTUBES team of R&D scientists and engineers, following minutes of silence, after learning what the bankers had said. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

34. A 11 Pipelines are as old as civilisation. The international R&D team includes experts and executives from: Stoner Software, ADVANTICA (British Gas); PIAP – Industrial Research Institute for Automation & Measurement; FUE - Fundacion Universidad-Empresa de Madrid; Clarendon Laboratories, Oxford; Imperial College London; Warsaw University of Technology; The Freight Pipeline Company, USA; Pneutrans Systems Limited, Canada; Force Engineering Limited, UK; SME’s, SW2000 Intelligent Transport; and Swift Software. DESIGNS REGISTERED by Pitmans Lawyers, FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food FOODTUBES are not (quite) rocket science.

35. A 12 BLUEPRINT FOR LONDON The bad news is that it is very crowded under city streets… FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

36. A 13 BLUEPRINT FOR LONDON …but the good news is that we have plenty of experience of building large pipelines. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

37. A 14 BLUEPRINT FOR LONDON And pipelines can go deeper – under existing structures. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

38. A 15 BLUEPRINT FOR LONDON …or high – over existing structures, barriers and flood levels. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

39. A 16 Developers – Financiers - Owners – Users - Partners Terminals The supermarkets control the majority of food trade And of food transport FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food Guardian 15 Feb 08 TESCO Tops The league

40. Who pays for UK food transport today? Full or EMPTY …HGVs cost the Earth. Ultimately the direct costs falls on the consumer – via a chain: Grower to shipper (any transport) Shipper to Processor Processor to wholesaler Wholesaler to manufacturer Manufacturer to distribution depot Depot to retailer Retailer to consumer - and consumer to home Large distributors & retailers (1) Have their own fleets (2) Have distribution depots & (3) Have diesel /petrol forecourts. OR (4) they Subcontract. Smaller retailers contract the 110,000 road and rail freight companies. The £9.123B p.a. indirect social costs fall on all other travellers and on the general population. + 13B litres fuel in avoidable Traffic Congestion A 17 FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food

41. A 18 FOODTUBES – Who pays for a typical cargo journey? EMPTY CAPSULE …costs a few pence – the FOODTUBES network pays for empty capsule journeys. FULL – carrying cargo, the sender pays from €5 to €10 per capsule. Fuel /Energy costs are small – typically 2% to 10% of road/rail transport. NO societal costs – FOODTUBES are clean, quiet & accident free. NO traffic congestion costs – FOODTUBES stay off the roads and rails. PER ANNUM The national figures indicate savings of 4B litres of fuel from transporting food by capsule and 13B litres from traffic decongestion. = 17B litres. (The UK burns approx. 265B litres of “carbon fuels” a year – 2004 National Statistics) CALCULATION for CROYDON UK is 17 billion / 23M and X 120K households = 89 million litres saved p.a. FOODTUBES ™ … The transport internet – really fast food