1. Semantic Web Tools for Authoring and Using Analysis Results Richard Fikes Robert McCool Deborah McGuinness Sheila McIlraith Jessica Jenkins Knowledge Systems Laboratory Stanford University www.ksl.stanford.edu

2. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University2 The Semantic Web  Goal: Evolve the Web –  From sites designed for human consumption  To sites also understandable and usable by computer programs  What would that do for us?  Query answering rather than document retrieval  Services findable, usable, and composable by automated agents  Information exchange among independently designed programs  How are we getting there from here?  For documents – >Structure, ala XML >Ontologies to provide intended meaning of terms  For services – Computer interpretable descriptions “ “The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation.”

3. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University3 The DAML Program  DAML: DARPA Agent Markup Language  Defense Advanced Research Agency (DARPA) program  Program Managers: James Hendler, Murray Burke  Begin in August 2000  Goal: achieve semantic interoperability between Web pages, databases, programs, and sensors  Integration contractor and 16 technology development teams  MIT (Tim Berners-Lee, Ben Grosof)  Stanford (Gio Wiederhold, Richard Fikes, Deborah McGuinness)  U West Florida (Pay Hayes)  Yale (Drew McDermott)  University of Manchester (Ian Horrocks) …  Advisors: Ramanthan Guha, Peter Patel-Schneider, …  UMBC (Tim Finin)  Cycorp (Doug Lenat)  Nokia (Ora Lassila)  Teknowledge (Bob Balzer)  Web site: www.daml.org/

4. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University4DAML+OIL  A representation language for user-defined ontologies  An ontology added to RDF and RDF-Schema  Specification document: www.daml.org/2001/03/daml+oil-index.html  Expressive power analogous to:  Description logics (e.g., CLASSIC)  Monotonic frame languages (e.g., OKBC knowledge model)  Designed in collaboration with the European Community  Designers of the Ontology Inference Layer (OIL)  Candidate W3C standard Ontology Web Language (OWL) XML (Extensible Markup Language) RDF (Resource Description Framework) RDF-S (RDF Schema) DAML+OIL (Ontology)

5. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University5 W3C Semantic Web Activity  Semantic Web Activity (http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/)  “Established to serve a leadership role, in both the design of enabling specifications and the open, collaborative development of technologies that support the automation, integration and reuse of data across various applications.”  Successor to the W3C Metadata Activity  RDF Core Working Group (http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/RDFCore/)  Responsible for the Resource Description Framework (RDF)  Web Ontology Working Group (http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/WebOnt/)  Charter: Build upon the RDF Core work a language for defining structured web based ontologies which will provide richer integration and interoperability of data among descriptive communities  Developed Ontology Web Language (OWL) >Based on DAML+OIL, developed in DARPA’s Agent Markup Language program

6. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University6 Template-Based Document Authoring  Templates will specify document syntax and semantics  Syntax using XML  Semantics using ontologies represented in OWL >Sequence of classes that document is to describe instances of >Perspective from which each of those descriptions is to appear  Authoring  Typical Web pages – >Find, assemble, and fill in templates  Document templates – >Find, assemble, edit, and extend templates >Find and assemble ontologies  Ontologies – >Find, assemble, edit, and extend ontologies >Define new terminology

7. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University7 KD-D Project Objectives  Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documents  Automated services supporting analysis reports

8. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University8 Authoring Tools  Tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documents  Tools to build knowledge base of supporting data and results  Tools to produce report as text version of knowledge base content  Integrate results from multiple authors using differing vocabularies >Report templates that specify – –Syntactic structure of the document –Ontologies describing the meaning of the vocabulary used in the template –Sequence of entities (class instances) that the document will describe –Perspective for each entity description >Semantic search tools for effectively finding data relevant to a task >Interactive extraction tools for documents and typed text >Knowledge structuring and editing tools >Linking of analysis results to supporting data

9. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University9 Services Supporting Analysis Results  Develop tools for authoring analysis reports as hyperwebs of Semantic Web documents  Develop automated services supporting analysis reports  Monitor for changes in data supporting results Changes and updates to data reflected in reported results  Check results for incongruities with data and other results Background processing initiated by the system  Include query-answering and semantic search agents with report

10. Knowledge Systems Laboratory, Stanford University10 Year 1 Milestones and Impact  Milestones  Prototype implementations – >Critical tools for authoring results as Semantic Web documents >Sample set of document templates and ontologies >Sample set of automated services supporting analysis reports  Impact  Prototypes (tools & services) suitable for initial testing by analysts  Designs for implementations suitable for substantial pilot studies