1. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 1 Status of MICE MUTAC March 2006 at FERMILAB

2. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 2 Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium University of Sofia, Bulgaria INFN Milano, INFN Napoli, INFN Roma III, INFN Trieste, Italy (*) KEK, Osaka University, Japan NIKHEF, The Netherlands CERN Geneva University, Paul Scherrer Institut Switzerland Brunel University, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool, ICL London, Oxford, Darsbury, RAL, Sheffield UK Argonne National Laboratory. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Fairfield University, University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute, Fermilab, Illinois Institute of Technology, Jefferson Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, UCLA, Northern Illinois University, University of Iowa, University of Mississippi, UC Riverside, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign USA (*) Larger participation from INFN may be possible INFN Pavia, Bari, Padova are close too to the INFN detector/DAQ effort for MICE INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati did and will work in the accelerator physics of MICE INFN Genova has designed with Ansaldo the two tracker solenoid magnets THE MICE COLLABORATION 140 collaborators

3. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 3 NEWS 1 Italian participation: Approval in principle (subject to a number of succesful milestones) of TOF construction and MUCAL 2. New collaborators: Sofia U., Kyoto U., Cockcroft Inst.& Lancaster University 3. DAQ group started 4. Analysis group started 5. Design and safety reviews have progressed --H2 safety review was passed 6. KEK tracker test successful -- but revealed light loss issue 7. We begin purchasing big items (cooling plan for PSI solenoid, spectrometer solenoids) 8. Final bits of phase 1 design being finalized (MUCAL, downstream PID) 9. Funding agency committee meetings instituted (19 september 2005, 10 April 2006) 10. we have 380 days to official data taking date (1 April 2007)

4. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 4 at this point MICE (PhaseI) is an approved and funded project in 6 countries -- UK: 9.7M£ + rolling grants + CCLRC -- USA: funding from the NFMCC (DOE baseline scenario 4.125M$) +RF source + NSF grant 300k$ + MRI grant 750k + (further requests submitted) -- Japan: US-Japan ~$100k/yr, UK-Japan (travel funds) (+ 1M$ requested) -- Switzerland: PSI solenoid + Uni-Geneva-NSwissF (80KCHF/yr)+ 1 PDA+1PhDS + Bulgaria collaboration + CERN RF. -- Netherlands: Mag probes (in production!) + 1 PhDS -- Italy (TOF, Calorimeter) subject to success of test Summary:

5. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 5  Incoming muon beam Variable Diffuser Beam PID TOF 0 Cherenkov TOF 1 Trackers 1 & 2 measurement of emittance in and out Liquid Hydrogen absorbers 1,2,3 Downstream particle ID: TOF 2 Calorimeter RF cavities 1RF cavities 2 Spectrometer solenoid 1 Matching coils 1&2 Focus coils 1 Spectrometer solenoid 2 Coupling Coils 1&2 Focus coils 2Focus coils 3 Matching coils 1&2 10% cooling of 200 MeV/c muons requires ~ 20 MV of RF single particle measurements => measurement precision can be as good as  out /  in ) = 10 -3 never done before either…

6. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 6 Challenges of MICE: (these things have never been done before) 1. Operate RF cavities of relatively low frequency (201 MHz) at high gradient (16 MV/m) in highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields (1-3 T) dark currents (can heat up LH 2 ), breakdowns 2. Hydrogen safety (substantial amounts of LH 2 in vicinity of RF cavities) 3. Emittance measurement to relative precision of 10 -3 in environment of RF bkg requires low mass and precise tracker low multiple scattering redundancy to fight dark-current-induced background excellent immunity to RF noise complete set of PID detectors And… 4. Obtaining funding for R&D towards a facility that is not (yet) in the plans of a major lab

7. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 7  - STEP I: April 2007 STEP II: October 2007 STEP III: 2008 STEP IV: 2008 STEP V 2009 STEP VI end 2009? implementation in steps physics-based: understanding of systematics PHASE I PHASE II

8. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 8 2010 will be a time of major decisions in particle physics LHC will be completed first results will appear ILC  first results from MINOS, Opera double-CHOOZ & other reactor expts. might be available. T2K starting It will be time for the next step in neutrino physics! It will be important that practical feasibility of ionization cooling be demonstrated. TARGET DATE: 2010 Barry Barish, CERN SPC sept05

9. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 9 By 2010-2011 we should have a clearer idea of the value of  13 The facility needed to find and measure leptonic CP violation is different -- or differently optimized if sin 2  13 > 0.01 :small CP, large statistics or sin 2  13 < 0.01 : large CP, small statistics

10. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 10 1. getting ready for Step 1 target and target test PSI solenoid beam line calculations diffuser beam line instrumentation (TOF, CKOV1) tracker situation Calorimeter 2. Step 2 the spectrometer solenoid 3. Step 3 essential test of systematics learning process start with optics. 4. step4 AFC module LH2 R&D, safety review absorber thickness and monitoring 5. step 5,6 RF cavitiy, RF power source, coupling coil E field thickness and monitoring Getting funded for steps 5,6

11. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 11

12. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 12 ISIS pulses at 50Hz with flat top for ~2ms Electromagnetic driver dips target in beam and out in ~3ms actuator: reproducibility (5A drive… will need 40A!) Target test originally foreseen in Jan06 will be done in June06. detector to monitor hadron prod. crucial to undertand: -- does it all work? -- what is the ratio of hadron production/activation MICE Target

13. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 13 decay solenoid at PSI decay solenoid at RAL

14. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 14 11 66 10  240 KW-Dec05 200 CR-CM13 DA-Feb06 KT-Feb06 KT-Feb06 CR- (G4BL)Sept DA-Aug 05 CR-Jan06 DA-Dec05 140 KT-CM13 p  harder – maintain lattice geometry easier – almost scales Beam should deliver a variety of norm. emittances (from 1 to 10 mm.rad) with central beam momentum between 140 to 240 MeV/c. getting there: 1. how many diffuser plates do we need? 2. Correction scheme being worked out. Corrector magnets from ISIS target station order could be purchased 3. diffuser mechanism being developed less than 30 minutes changeover of diffuser -->

15. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 15 200 MeV/c matched optics match to beam size and divergence in diffuser within spectrometer solenoid 140 MeV/c scaled optics 200 MeV/c scaled optics

16. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 16 TOF and downstream PID TOF is constituted of double layer of 4X40 cm scintillator each layer expected to yield 70 ps resolution, double layer will measure resolution scintillator and tubes for TOF0 have been bought for test at the Frascati BTF in june 2006 Downstream PID potential uncertainty on cooling due to muon decays eliminate problem by high efficiency muon tagging electron rejection MICE Proposal: Cherenkov + Calorimeter Cherenkov2 could not be funded --> what would be performance without Cherenkov? good enough with a SANDWICH CALORIMETER ALONE simulations show 99.9% efficiency at >99.8% purity for all momenta in MICE stepVI --> will undergo change control procedure (check with non-flip mode) test in July 2006 with small calorimeter

17. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 17 Step 3 B ICOOL EVBETA Crucial step for MICE. optics matched Try to inset absorbers to see if cooling is seen. Much more to be learned by full simulation and muon-by-muon analysis

18. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 18 Step IV: need Absorber + Focus Coil module! SAFETY REVIEW was passed-- some actions left for MICE *) “The Panel is impressed by the serious way in which the MICE collaboration is approaching safety issues and was pleased to note the excellent progress made since the last review in December 2003. Our overall impression, based on the presentations, is that there are no serious safety issues that have not been addressed. *) in particular Hazop analysis will be performed by external consultants

19. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 19 PHASE II Funding MICE note 137 1. RAL has released 100k£ from project sponsor (PPD director) ‘tracker’ items redistributed towards Spectrometer solenoids (swaps with US, Japan) 2. Collaboration with D0 on tracker electronics 2. MRI proposal to NSF for a coupling coil (for MUCOOL) and NFMCC/MUCOOL has made a request to DOE for the same. 3. We tried CH for CC, plan to include ‘MICE completion’ in EU funding bids (FP7) efforts towards RFCC module in UK (Cockcroft institute+Lancaster U.) MZ MUTAC05 revised GOAL 4. RF seems OK: *** 201 MHz RF cavity ***! + RF source from LBNL -->Daresbury + RF source from CERN

20. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 20 1. Publications Since June 2005 MICE has a Editorial Board (Chair Dan Kaplan) Tracking of historical publications is difficult, but at least 20 referreed journal publications were counted in winter 2005. 7 abstracts accepted at EPAC2006 2. Students We are coming to the point where data and experimental results will come at a high rate. --> This is a great time for PhD students! They already ‘took over the software projects’ Play a high role in detector tests (KEK beam test --> Frascati test) MICE is relatively short of manpower!

21. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 21 An important credit: The US developed the first credible concepts for both the muon collider and the neutrino factory through the pioneering work, in particular, of David Neuffer, Robert Palmer and Steve Geer, as well as through two detailed feasibility studies. The concept of the MICE cooling cells is based upon the US Study II, and the actual magnetic layout of the experiment is the result of Robert Palmer’s ideas. US groups have provided the lion’s share of the R&D work for the cooling channel modules so far, and have also been actively involved in developing the beam line optics, the overall simulation of the experiment, and the tracker. The construction and first operation of the MICE-compatible 201-MHz RF cavity prototype is a great MICE milestone! In addition, our US colleagues have already shipped to RAL parts for two 201-MHz RF power sources that should, after refurbishment, provide half of the RF needs of the experiment. The planning prepared by NFMCC provides MICE with a US contribution to the MICE magnet system that will allow the US collaborators to play the role they rightly deserve. This contribution is vital for the success of the experiment!

22. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 22 200MHz RF cavity with beryllium windows Liquid-hydrogen absorbers Scintillating-fiber tracker MICE is getting REAL! Status: Approved at RAL(UK) First beam: 04-2007 Funded in: UK,CH,It,JP,NL,US Further requests: JP,UK,US… Single-  beam ~200 MeV/c 4T spectrometer I 4T spectrometer II TOF Cooling cell (~10%)  =5-45cm, liquid H 2, RF Final PID: TOF Calorimeter Demonstrate feasibility and performance of a section of cooling channel by 2010 Prototyping: target spring FIRST BEAM IN 380 DAYS

23. MUTAC Fermilab Alain Blondel 16 March 2006 23  - STEP I: 1 April 2007 = 380 days away! STEP II: aim is October 2007 PHASE I  may become need to finalize positions of TOF0 CKOV1 MUCAL + size and detailed segmentation of MUCAL STEP I.5 and is likely to feature: MICE proposal