1. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 1 Chemistry FIFTH EDITION by Steven S. Zumdahl University of Illinois

2. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 2 Chemistry FIFTH EDITION Chapter 14 Acids and Bases

3. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 3 Figure 14.1 The Reaction of HCI and H 2 O

4. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 4 Figure 14.2 The Reaction of an Acid with Water

5. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 5 Figure 14.3 The Reaction of NH 3 with HCI to Form NH 4 + and CI -

6. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 6 Figure 14.4 Graphic Representation of the Behavior of Acids of Different Strengths in Aqueous Solution

7. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 7 Figure 14.5 Acid Strength Versus Conjugate Base Strength

8. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 8 Figure 14.6 A Strong Acid (a) and a Weak Acid (b) in Water

9. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 9 Figure 14.7 Two Water Molecules React to Form H 3 O + and OH -

10. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 10 Figure 14.8 The pH Scale and pH Values of Some Common Substances

11. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 11 Figure 14.10 The Effect of Dilution on the Percent Dissociation and (H+) of a Weak Acid Solution

12. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 12 Figure 14.11 The Effect of the Number of Attached Oxygens on the O-H Bond in a Series of of Chlorine Oxyacids

13. Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 13 Figure 14.12 The AI(H 2 O)6 3 + Ion