1. The Greeks and the Persians Conflict of Cultures

2. Hoplite Soldier

3. Schematic of Athens: Polis Site

4. Model of the Acropolis ca. 432 B.C.

5. Aerial view of the Acropolis, Athens

6. Athens, the Acropolis

7. The Greek Classical Orders

8. The Theater at the Acropolis

9. Persia and the Greeks King Cyrus conquers Lydians (546 B.C.) Revolt of Ionian Greeks (499 B.C.) Themistocles of Athens elected archon (493-492 B.C.) Battle of Marathon (490 B.C.) Battles of Thermopylae and Salamis (480 B.C.) Battle of Plataea (479 B.C.)

11. The Persian Empire Empire of Medes and Persians founded by Cyrus the Great. Empire of Medes and Persians founded by Cyrus the Great. (r. 550-530 B.C.) Great King rules through regional governors called satraps (satrapy). – –Required only taxes and soldiers Conquest of Lydia in 546 B.C. first contact with Greeks – –Croesus told “a great empire would fall.” Cambeses (r. 530-522) conquers Eqypt

12. Ionian Revolt 499-494 B.C. Darius I (r. 521-486 B.C.) Darius I (r. 521-486 B.C.) –Moves capital to Persepolis –Agrees to accept taxes in form best suited to territory –Ionian revolt results in destruction of Melitus in 494. –Darius vows to punish Greeks for helping Ionians –Invades Greece, sacks Eretria; advances on Athens, defeated at Marathon by Athenians

13. The Persian Wars (499- 478 B.C.)

14. The Persian Wars with Greece

15. Second Persian Invasion Xerxes (r. 486-465 B.C.) vows to avenge his father’s defeat. Xerxes (r. 486-465 B.C.) vows to avenge his father’s defeat. Prepares invasion: army of 200,000 men and fleet of 600 ships Prepares invasion: army of 200,000 men and fleet of 600 ships Spartans delay Persian advance at Thermopylae in 480 B.C. Spartans delay Persian advance at Thermopylae in 480 B.C. Athenians defeat Persian fleet at Salamis Athenians defeat Persian fleet at Salamis United Greek army defeats Persians at Plataea in 479 B.C. United Greek army defeats Persians at Plataea in 479 B.C.

16. Xerxes Bridges the Hellespont

17. Replica of a Trireme

18. The Persian Wars (499- 478 B.C.E.)