1. Chemistry 1010 Fuel Cells and Toothpaste

2. Fuel Cell A fuel cell is a device that converts fuel (Hydrogen Gas) to water If the electron transfer portion of the reaction is separated, the electron can be used as electricity A fuel cell produces a current like a battery as long as fuel is supplied

3. How a Fuel Cell Works

4. 1.Hydrogen (H 2 ) enters one side of the cell and is converted to H+ and electrons by a catalyst 2.The Electrons travel through the wire where they can be used in devices 3.Hydrogen ions (H+) travel through a membrane to the other side of the cell. 4.Oxygen (O 2 ) enters from the opposite side of the cell where 5.The O 2, H+, and electrons react to produce water

5. Fuel Cells Are Used In Space Both Gemini and Apollo spacecraft obtained electrical power from hydrogen- oxygen fuel cells For space applications, fuel cells are better, they produce several times as much energy per equivalent unit of weight The other advantage of a fuel cell is that the product produced is water which the astronauts use to Drink

6. Why Don’t We Use Fuel Cells Everywhere?? Fuel Cells require a large volume of hydrogen gas The fuel cells on the space crafts weighted 500 pounds This is difficult to put on a car as a fuel tank So….. Any Ideas to Solve the problem…… What about those nanotubes talked about in the text book????

7. Use of Nanotubes to store Hydrogen

8. What is Toothepase Made of??? SubstancePurpose Sodium Lauryl SulfateDetegent Sodium MonofluorophosphateDecay Prevention GlycerinMoistener WaterConsistency Calcium CarbonateMild Abrasive Hydrated SilicaMild Abrasive XylitolFlavor CarrageenanThickener Oil of WintergreenFlavor

9. The Detergent In Toothpaste This long carbon chain is good at mixing with oils and non-polar scum on the teeth This polar sulphate end is good at dissolving in water and pulling the carbon chain and scum down the drain

10. The Workhorse in Toothpaste Hydrated Silica Calcium Carbonate Image from: Yahoo Images These tiny bits of sand grind away at the teeth scouring the plaque and other materials

11. Preventing Tooth Decay Sodium Monofluorophosphate MFP is best known as an ingredient in toothpaste. It is used to protect tooth enamel from attack by bacteria that cause cavities. It was developed by a chemist at Procter and Gamble and was placed in Crest toothpaste in the 1980’s. Tooth decay is prevented primarily because of the fluorine which inhibits the bacteria’s ability to cause tooth decay

12. Tooth Paste Flavors Peppermint spearmint

13. What do All those lines Mean Look at all the forms of Hexane (C 6 H 14 )