1. Volusia District Science Office week 7

2. SC.7.E.6.6 – Human Impact Over the past 50 years, people have diverted much of the water in the Everglades to support large sugar cane farms. What negative result would you expect that this had on the Everglades area? A. It reduced the number of types of plants and animals. B. It prepared a once useless area to be used as farmland. C. It decreased the amount of land on which people could live. D. It lowered the number of disease-causing mosquitoes in the area. 1

3. SC.7.E.6.6 – Human Impact As Franklin is walking to school, he notices a new neighborhood being built. The first thing the builders do is remove all of the trees. Which of the following effects would result from this action? A. an increase in soil erosion B. a creation of new plant species C. a reduction in levels of pollution D. a growth in the variety of animals 2

4. SC.7.E.6.6 – Human Impact Many farmers are starting to use pesticides to help control the amount of damage their crops have from different organisms. What is a risk of using chemical pesticides on crops? A. rotation crop production B. genetic mutation of existing crops C. healthy crops with more harvestable product D. chemical contamination of streams and rivers 3

5. SC.7.E.6.6 Human Impact 1. A 2. A 3. D Overall Summary: In general humans, have an impact on the Earth. Deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, a change in air and water quality, and changing the flow of water are a few of these. Not all impacts are negative. Discussion?

6. SC.7.E.6.2 – Sedimentary Rock Florida’s geology is primarily dominated by sedimentary rock. Sedimentary rock is characterized by layers that form within the rock. Which statement best explains why sediments are found in layers? A. During cementation, smaller particles rise to the top, leaving larger particles at the bottom of each layer. B. During deposition, larger particles usually settle to the bottom faster than smaller particles. C. The moon’s gravity causes a cyclic patter in sediment deposition. D. Ocean-floor organisms sort fresh sediments into layers of similar sizes. 4

7. SC.7.E.6.2 – Metamorphic Rock The geology of any two regions of Earth may be completely different from each other. Some areas have different types of rock while others are completely covered with sediments. Which of the following areas is most likely to form metamorphic rocks such as gneiss and granite? A. a sea floor B. a windblown desert C. a site deep underground D. a site covered by a glacier 5

8. SC.7.E.6.2 – Igneous Rock Igneous rocks are usually formed from magma and lava that cools down and then either crystallizes or clumps together. Some examples include obsidian, basalt, and pumice. Which of the following would you expect to see in a rock that took a long time to cool and crystallize? A. Large grains of minerals. B. Small grains of minerals. C. Larger rocks clumped together. D. Smaller rocks clumped together. 6

9. SC.7.E.6.2 The Rock Cycle 4. B 5. C 6. A Overall Summary: There are three types of rocks: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Sedimentary rocks are the long-term result of deposition of smaller fragments. Metamorphic rocks require extreme temperatures and pressures as found deep within the Earth. Igneous rocks are from lava or magma that has cooled down. Rocks can change from one type to another through the rock cycle. Discussion?

10. SC.7.E.6.7 – Effects of Convecting Material As magma rises through the cracks of a spreading seafloor, it cools and adds new rock to the ocean floor. The ribbon of magma causing the spreading is most similar to which structure? A. A glacier B. A volcano C. A valley D. A sinkhole 7

11. SC.7.E.6.7 – Effects of Convecting Material According to the theory of plate tectonics, where do activities such as earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur? A. in the centers of plates B. along plate boundaries C. in the outer regions of plates D. in the inner core 8

12. SC.7.E.6.7 – Effects of Convecting Material A glaciovolcano is a volcano covered by glaciers. When it erupts, the glaciers covering it can melt. What is the most likely result of such an eruption? A. a flood B. an earthquake C. an avalanche D. a tsunami 9

13. SC.7.E.6.7 Effects of Convecting Material 7. B 8. B 9. A Overall Summary: Heat flow and the movement of material within the Earth can have major impacts on the surface. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, the creation of mountains and ocean basins are some of these impacts. Most of these surface changes occur at plate boundaries but not all. Hot spots are volcanoes found in other locations of a tectonic plate. Discussion?

14. SC.7.E.6.1 – Layers of the Earth One layer of Earth is composed mainly of liquid iron and nickel. This layer creates Earth’s magnetic field, which protects Earth from solar wind. What is the name of this layer of Earth? A. The outer core B. The mantle C. The crust D. The inner core 10

15. SC.7.E.6.1 – Layers of the Earth What layer of Earth contains the plates that cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions? A. The atmosphere B. The inner core C. The mantle D. The crust 11

16. SC.7.E.6.1 – Layers of the Earth The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. What hot, convecting layer of Earth lies under the crust? A. The hydrosphere B. The outer core C. The mantle D. The core 12

17. SC.7.E.6.1 The Layers of the Earth 10. A 11. D 12. C Overall Summary: There are, after combining the physical and mechanical properties, four layers of the Earth. At the surface is the crust which contains the tectonic plates. Below the crust is the mantle. It contains the plastic-like material that moves around in currents (convection.) Below the mantle is the outer core – it is liquid. The final layer is the inner core which is solid. Discussion?