1. Plant of the day

2. Statement of Purpose  IV. The mission of Campbell University, as a community of Christian scholars, is to A. Provide students with a Christian worldview

3. Is there a Christian view of botany?  Caretakers of the garden –Should we consider how our lifestyles impact the natural plant communities around us?  Does Christianity influence our use of plants? –Plant-derived chemicals

4. Christianity and botany  Spiritual symbolism of plants –Identification with Christ – John 15:5 I am the vine; you are the branches. If a man remains in me and I in him, he will bear much fruit; apart from me you can do nothing

5. Christianity and botany  Spiritual symbolism of plants –Revelation 22:1-2 Then the angel showed me the river of the water of life, as clear as crystal, flowing from the throne of God and of the Lamb down the middle of the great street of the city. On each side of the river stood the tree of life, bearing twelve crops of fruit, yielding its fruit every month. And the leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations.

6. Why is knowledge of plants important?  We are dependent on plants

7. Plants are producers

8. Genesis 1: 29-30 Then God said, “I give you every seed- bearing plant on the face of the whole earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. And to all the beast of the earth and all the birds of the air and all the creatures that move on the ground—everything that has the breath of life in it—I give every green plant for food.” And it was so.

9. Plants as a food source

10. Photosynthesis and sugars

11. Plants & the carbon cycle

13. Cacao - chocolatechocolate

14. Photosynthesis and oxygen

15. Plants & the nitrogen cycle

16. Legumes & rhizobium

17. Beverages

19. Wines

20. Cork

21. Wormwood - absintheabsinthe

22. Spices

23. Plants & health  Natural compounds –LycopeneLycopene –YohimbineYohimbine –Medicines  taxol

25. Wood products

27. Landscaping

28. Paper

29. Plants and sports

31. Musical instruments

32. Textiles

34. Plants & transportation

35. Plants as fuel

36. Coal

37. Recreational Drugs

38. Plants & emotions

39. Personal care products

40. Plant-related inventions

41. Velcro – George de Mestral 1907-1990

43. History of plant use & study  Stone Age (prior to 15,000 BC.) –Plants as a source of  Fuel  Food  Medicines

44. The Dawn of Agriculture

45. Plant domestication  15,000 – 10,000 BC.

47. Selection in the Brassica family

48. Teosinte – ancestor of corn

49. Plant Science in the Ancient World  Egypt (1500 B.C.) – documented herbal uses  Greece (400-300 B.C.) –Physicians/botanists –Theophrastus – “Father of Botany”  History of Plants  Causes of Plants

50. Age of Herbals (1500-1700 A.D.)  Otto Brunfels - 1541

51. Doctrine of Signatures

52. Green Revolution (1940-60s)  Use of high-yield varieties  Altered agricultural practices –Irrigation –Use of synthetic fertilizers  Wheat yield quadrupled in 20 yrs.  Corn yield: 20bu/ha to 100-250 bu/ha

53. Modern Plant Study  Agronomy  Bryology  Economic Botany  Ethnobotany  Forestry  Horticulture  Paleobotany  Palynology  Phycology  Plant anatomy  Plant breeding  Plant ecology  Plant genetics  Plant geography  Plant molecular biology  Plant morphology  Plant pathology  Plant physiology  Plant systematics  Plant taxonomy

54. Plants, food and population growth

55. World population growth link

56. World food supply  6.3 billion fed a basic vegetarian diet  4.2 billion fed with a 15% meat diet  3.2 billion fed with a 25% meat diet

57. In the next 50 years, can we double our food supply?  Increase land used for agriculture?  Increase crop productivity?  Convert to vegetarian diet?

58. Worldwide land resources

59. Distribution of arable land

65. Soil salinization

66. Areas of salinization

67. Deforestation in the U.S.

69. Yield increases are declining

70. What causes reduced crop productivity?

71. Human activities

72. Air pollution affects photosynthesis

73. Human impact on pollination link

74. Disease  Reduce crop yields 10-20% despite control efforts

75. Wheat rust reduces grain yield

76. Insects

77. Insect pests reduce crop productivity  Reduce crop yields 15% despite control efforts

78. Mite damage - eggplant

79. Mite damage in a bean field

80. Weeds  Reduce crop yields 12% despite control efforts

81. Foxtail in corn

83. Drought link

84. Drought link

86. Drought increases stress  Black shank disease in tobacco

87. Drought and irrigation

88. Temperature stress  Temperature tolerance  Enzymatic activity  Quality

89. Plant biology is essential  Crop research needed –Resistance to insects, disease –Tolerance to environmental variablesTolerance to environmental variables –Improved productivity –Improved nutritional qualities

90. Genesis 3:17-19 To Adam he said, “Because you listened to your wife and ate from the tree about which I commanded you, ‘You must not eat of it’, cursed is the ground because of you; through painful toil you will eat of it all the days of your life. It will produce thorns and thistles for you, and you will eat the plants of the field.”