1. Week 26 Benchmark Review 42- 81

2. How are rocks classified? By the process of their formation.

3. What are the three types of rocks 1.Sedimentary 2.Metamorphic 3.Igneous

4. How are sedimentary rocks formed? List and describe the four steps. 1. Erosion – breaking down of rock by wind, water, ice and rain 2. Deposition- sediment moved to a new location by a depositional force such as gravity 3. Compaction- layers of sediment being pushed down upon one another 4. Cementation- “Glued” together

5. What tools does nature use to erode rocks? Wind, water, ice and rain

6. What has to occur in order for a sedimentary rock to change into a maddymorphic rock? HEAT & PRESSURE

7. If a rock is melted and then cooled quickly this process will result in a(n) ____________ rock. Igneous

8. If I were to use playdoh to represent a metamorphic rock, what would I need to do? Apply HEAT & PRESSURE

9. The presence of igneous rock would most likely suggest that what kind of landform is nearby? Volcano

10. Which letter in the diagram best represents the location of metamorphic rock formation? C

11. What must have occurred to an igneous rock during formation MELTING & COOLING

12. ______Erosion A)Process by which wind and water move sediments to a new location. ______Depositon B)Process by which sediments are pressed together and form a rock. ______Compaction C)Breaking down of rock B A C

13. What does a streak test tell us about a mineral? The TRUE color of the mineral

14. When streaked, sulfur leaves a yellow powder behind. What is the true color of sulfur? Why? Yellow. Yellow is the true color because the streak is the mineral in powdered form.

15. Use the table provided to identify a mineral based on its properties. A mineral is metallic, has a true color of black and a hardness of 6. What is the mineral? Pyrite

16. Look at the table comparing pyrite and gold. Pyrite, also known as “fool’s gold,” looks very similar to the element, gold. Using the information in the table provided, which statement is true? B. Pyrite is harder than gold

17. If a mineral looks black but leaves a streak of red, what is the true color of the mineral? RED

18. If two minerals have the same color, same luster, same hardness what physical property would you use next to identify the mineral? a. Acid test

19. What is the main element in the Earth’s atmosphere? Nitrogen 78%

20. What element is most abundant in the Earth’s Oceans and solid Earth? Oxygen

21. Which element is found in large amounts in both solid parts of Earth and in living matter? Oxygen

22. What element is most abundant in Earth’s crust? Oxygen 47%

23. What are the four layers of the earth in order? Inner Most to Outer Most Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

24. Which layer causes plates on our crust to move? Mantle. Specifically, the upper most region called the asthenosphere which contains convection currents.

25. When two plates move toward each other, what landforms are created? Continental – Continental = Mountains Oceanic – Continental =Trench, Mountains, Volcanoes Oceanic – Oceanic = Island Arc, Trench

26. When two plates move away from each other, what landforms are created? Rift Valleys Mid-Ocean Ridges

27. When two plates move side by side, what happens? Faults are formed & earthquakes occur

28. Draw the causes of a fault line: →← Draw the causes of mountains forming: ↑↓

29. What did the recordings of earthquake waves help scientists study? The movement of the tectonic plates

30. Label the different layers of the earth… Crust Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

31. What natural events along plate boundaries? Mountains formed, islands created, volcanoes erupting, earthquakes

32. African Pacific Indo-Australian North American What plates are E, F, C & G referencing to?

33. Trench & Volcano The plates labeled B and A will most likely form a………………?

34. Good luck on your test!!!!! Just keep SWIMMING…I mean, studying :D