1. Chapter 31 Section 4 China’s Neighbors Josiah Chung Sangmin Lee William Mortimer

2. Countries Neighboring China: 1. Taiwan 2. Hong Kong 3. Mongolia

3. Taiwan

4. Taiwan: Geography  Located 100 miles southeast of China.  Mountainous terrain (Can be as tall as 13,000 feet).  Taiwan means “terraced bay” in Chinese which relates to its often seen terraced terrain.  Terraces physically distinguish Taiwan apart from other neighboring countries.

5. Taiwan: Economy  In 1949 Nationalist government came into action and it: o Instituted a sweeping land-reform program o Started an industrial modernization program which improved trade and importing products.

6. Taiwan: Economy (cont.)  Taiwan has recently made improvements in technology as well, enabling it to successfully sell its products to countries with successful marketing such as the USA and countries in Europe.

7. Taiwan: Government and Relations to China  1949 – Natives of Taiwan soon became the hosts of many Chinese nationalists who had fled from the communism of China.  In later years, both the Nationalists of Taiwan and the Communists of China contended over whose government was the official government of China.

8. Taiwan: Government and Relations to China (cont.)  Eventually in 1971 the United nations supported China as a member, making China more powerful than Taiwan.  Today, China and Taiwan are in an unstable relationship because of such historical events.

9. Hong Kong

10. Hong Kong: Geography  The total area of Hong Kong is around 400 square miles  Population of 6 million people  One of the most crowded nations

11. Hong Kong: Geography (cont.)  Has large, safe, natural harbors  Located in the center of East Asian sea trade routes  Composed of the Kowloon Peninsula and a collection of islands

12. Hong Kong: Economy  Ideal position along the trade routes allowed for great economic growth in the 20 th century  After World War 2 many people fled to Hong Kong  These people provided human resources for cheap labor

13. Hong Kong: Economy (cont.)  Hong Kong used these resources to develop a large manufacturing economy in textiles, clothing, and electrical appliances  Export 90% of manufactured goods

14. Hong Kong: Government and Relations with China  China originally owned Hong Kong  In 1898 China was forced by Britain to lease the country  Britain used Hong Kong’s ports for across ocean trade  After World War 2 and the rise of Chinese communism over 1 million people fled China for Hong Kong

15. Hong Kong: Government and Relations with China (cont.)  In 1997 China officially regained Hong Kong  As stated in the agreement between Britain and China, Hong Kong would be a Special Administrative Region for the next 50 years  Hong Kong planned for democracy in 1992  Despite Chinese supporting members of the assembly being placed Hong Kong still remains partially democratic in the form of “one country, two systems”

16. Mongolia

17. Mongolia: Geography  Consists of a lot of dry land (takes up more than the twice the size of Texas).  The Southern area is covered by the Gobi desert.  The rest of the land is filled with rich vegetation.

18. Mongolia: Economy  The majority of the population are nomadic herders.  Major productions include:  Coal and copper mining  Food processing  Production of leather goods

19. Mongolia: Government and Relations to China  In the thirteenth century, Mongolia was in complete control over China.  Chinese later overthrew Mongolia and gained control until Mongolia gained independence in 1921.  The Mongolians declared their independence from China with the help of the Soviet Union.

20. Mongolia: Government and Relations to China (cont.)  After its independence, Mongolia adopted communism.  The Mongolian government chose to abolish communism with the first democratic elections.  The winners of the elections were former communists who renounced communism and they promised to create a free country.

21. Works Cited Baerwald, Thomas John., and Celeste Fraser. "Section 4 China's Neighbors." World Geography: Building a Global Perspective. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2003. 672-76. Print.

22. Websites with Picture Locations  http://static.binscorner.com/f/fwd- taiwan/part-007.jpeg http://static.binscorner.com/f/fwd- taiwan/part-007.jpeg  http://imageshack.us/photo/my- images/36/libertysquaregate.jpg/sr=1 http://imageshack.us/photo/my- images/36/libertysquaregate.jpg/sr=1  http://www.destination360.com/asia/chin a/images/s/china-hong-kong.jpg http://www.destination360.com/asia/chin a/images/s/china-hong-kong.jpg