1. What shapes an ecosystem? TSW identify and describe interactions between individuals in a community

2. Biotic & Abiotic Factors Biotic: Living Biotic: Living Abiotic: Non-living Abiotic: Non-living Can you think of any examples? Can you think of any examples?

3. What is a niche? Def: The full range of physical & biological conditions in which an organism lives & the way in which an organism uses those conditions Def: The full range of physical & biological conditions in which an organism lives & the way in which an organism uses those conditions An organism’s occupation An organism’s occupation Includes place in the food web, range of survivable temps, type of food eaten, physical conditions needed for survival… Includes place in the food web, range of survivable temps, type of food eaten, physical conditions needed for survival…

4. What determines the # of niches in an ecosystem? The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem The combination of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem

5. Key Points No two species can share the same niche in the same habitat (COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE) No two species can share the same niche in the same habitat (COMPETITIVE EXCLUSION PRINCIPLE) Different species can occupy niches that are similar Different species can occupy niches that are similar

6. Competition Organisms of the same or different species attempt to use an ecological resource in the same place at the same time Organisms of the same or different species attempt to use an ecological resource in the same place at the same time Usually results in a winner & a loser Usually results in a winner & a loser

7. Predation One organism captures & feeds on another organism One organism captures & feeds on another organism

8. Symbiosis Relationship where any 2 species live closely together Relationship where any 2 species live closely together 3 Main Types 3 Main Types –Mutualism –Commensalism –Parasitism

9. Mutualism Both species benefit from the relationship Both species benefit from the relationship (+, +) (+, +) Example: Flowers/Insects Example: Flowers/Insects

10. Commensalism One member of the association benefits, while the other is nether helped, nor harmed One member of the association benefits, while the other is nether helped, nor harmed (+, +/-) (+, +/-) Example: Barnacles/Manatees Example: Barnacles/Manatees

11. Parasitism One organism lives on or in another organism causing it harm One organism lives on or in another organism causing it harm The parasite obtains all or some of its nutritional needs from the host The parasite obtains all or some of its nutritional needs from the host Example: Fleas, ticks, lice/ Mammals Example: Fleas, ticks, lice/ Mammals

12. Ecological Succession The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time

13. 1º Succession On land, succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists On land, succession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists

14. 2º Succession Occurs when a disturbance of some kind changes an existing community without removing the soil Occurs when a disturbance of some kind changes an existing community without removing the soil

15. Pioneer---------  Climax Community The 1 st set of species to move into an area after a disrupting event The 1 st set of species to move into an area after a disrupting event Example: Corals moving onto a sunken ship Example: Corals moving onto a sunken ship Mature, stable community (can still undergo changes) Mature, stable community (can still undergo changes) Example: Volcanic wasteland turning into a rainforest Example: Volcanic wasteland turning into a rainforest