1. Warm Up Eleanor of Aquitaine William the Conqueror Charlemagne
Identifications: (answers the 5 W’s)
for each of the below terms tell me :
who they were (or who was involved),
what they did (what they were),
when they lived (when was it written),
where they lived/had influence,
and why they are significant):
Eleanor of Aquitaine
William the Conqueror
Charlemagne
Magna Carta

2. Presentations: Middle Ages Raps/Songs!

3. Feudalism and Manor System
Medieval Manor
The Peasant
Crash Course: The Dark Ages

4. Development of Feudalism
Feudalism – a political and social system
nobles offer protection/land to vassals in return for service
Vassal – person who served the lord in the military or in the fields
Fief – land given to vassal by lord
Armies generally made up of foot soldiers and knights

5. Feudalism- give and take system
king
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
vassal
Modern examples with a similar hierarchy: Drug cartels, Mafia, gangs, etc…. The less important guy MUST do what he is told to do by the guy above him OR ELSE, but he is also protected by his “people/guys” if someone from another group picks on him. SAME CONCEPT! Except this was literally the political and social structure/ government in the middle ages in Europe.

7. Manor System Innovations led to more efficient production
Water wheels for water/wind power (mills)
Iron tools: hoe, axe, scythe, plowshare
Horses used in plowing
3 field system – crop rotation, fields divided into thirds instead of in half: produced MORE b/c one field was left empty to allow nature to regenerate minerals in soil (see next slide)
Manor – agricultural estate owned by lord and worked by peasants
Many free peasants became serfs – peasants legally tied to the land (can’t move away, no job opportunities)
Peasants paid lord part of crops, also paid 1/10 to church

8. 3 Field Crop Rotation and a Mill

9. Nobility Nobles – men with titles (lord, duke, earl, etc.) and land
Lots of political power
Chivalry
(from the French word “chevalerie” for “horse soldier” because only knights fought on horseback, the peasants had to walk to battle and fight on foot- thus knights and lords were recognizable to the peasants)
code of ethics/behavior knights lived by:
Treat prisoners well
Fight for honor
Treat women well
Fight for your God
Lord of estate often at war: so the “lady” ran estate
(food, finances, supplies for land, etc.)

11. A Peasant’s Life Lived in simple 1-2 room cottages
Mostly ate bread, vegetables, cheese
Clean water hard to get- drank ale (alcohol)
Followed cycles of field labor,
Most work in Fall (harvest)
Feast days – Roman Catholic holidays to celebrate great events of faith
-no work, got to eat meat, be with friends/extended family
These are men pictured above. Try not to be jealous of their clothes 

12. Trade
Stopped- 3rd Period, 3/6/14

13. Trade
w/ end of Viking raids, Muslim invasions into Europe (which we will come back to):
peace returned & trade with it
Trade fairs meeting of merchants
Merchants demanded coins instead of bartering = money economy
Began to have bankers to exchange money, etc.
Created commercial capitalism –
economic system invested in trade/goods to make $
4th stopped here 3/6/14

14. Towns merchants moved near trade routes Narrow/winding/dark streets
Needed protection
moved near castles
built walls around cities/towns
Narrow/winding/dark streets
houses hung over street
“chamber pots” (basically a pot people used the bathroom in) dumped out their windows and into the streets…be careful where you walk 
Fires b/c buildings made of wood until 14th C.
Smelled bad b/c of human/animal waste,
constant burning of wood/dung for businesses
Water polluted (butchers/tanners) relied on wells
Women helped husbands run businesses
took over if husband died

15. Towns

16. Industry and Guilds
Craftsmen organized into guilds – business associations
Set quality of production, price, etc.
To join guild, there were steps you had to complete:
Apprentice
Journeyman
Master (after masterpiece approved by guild)

17. Town v. Manor
Write a one-page well-crafted essay in which you argue whether you would rather live in a medieval town or manor.
Try to convince us of your argument
State your facts to support your argument
Text- (manor life: p ; towns: )
ADD a visual
Assigned to HNS on 3/6/14 due Monday, 3/10/14