1. Potentials for Organic Farming Enviromental friendly agriculture and Efficient Sustainable Small-Scale Wastewater Systems Maria Staniszewska and Gunnar Norén Coalition Clean Baltic, CCB

2. Distribution of the P load within Baltic Sea catchment area in 2000

3. Distribution of the N load within Baltic Sea catchment area in 2000

4. Yearly usage of nitrates in Poland

5. % of usage funds for RDP till May 2006 Number and name of schemes Amount of funds was given benefices Funds predicted to spend in years 2004-06 in € Amount of funds spent in €% of usage predicted funds 1Shift-back to the Ist pillar705 000 000366 611 61251,90% 2 Less favoured areas905 000 000397 627 59743,94% 3 Early retirement of farmers500 000 000132 979 96428,00% 4 Agri-environmental program218 900 00019 874 9489,08% 5 Forestation of farmland91 700 00011 719 99112,78% 6Meeting EU standards687 000 00086 322 90712,57% 7Setting up producers group17 400 000 2 086 3473,08% 8Technical assistance34 000 000242 0910,71% 9Semi subsistence farming293 100 00079 895 21427,26% 1010 SAPARD projects140 000 27 969 37619,78% Total3 452 240 0001 145 204 99533,17%

6. Conclusions How will farmers use the additional money?  More pesticides and fertilizers, replacement of labours; money disbursed with weak conditions More efficient equipment, better storage; effect of decoupled payments; effort to maintain advantage and shift directly to sustainable agriculture More efficient equipment, better storage; effect of decoupled payments; effort to maintain advantage and shift directly to sustainable agriculture

7. Potential impacts of accession Risks: Delocalization – more transport  Loss of biodiversity  Pollution and soil degradation  Rural decline  New factory farms

8. Potential impacts of accession Opportunities: Limit pollution through EU legislation Limit pollution through EU legislation Green rural revival through 2 nd pillar subsidies: boost organic farming, tourism, renewable, young farmers, maintain grasslands Green rural revival through 2 nd pillar subsidies: boost organic farming, tourism, renewable, young farmers, maintain grasslands Will it be sufficient to offset the risks? Depends on each country

9. Main directions in Rural Development Plan in Poland in 2007-2013 Preliminary budget of RDP 2007-2013 Direction1 – Economy – support competitiveness rural and forestry sector -6 987 600 000€ Direction2 – Environmental – sustainable management at rural and forestry areas – 5 383 500 000€ Direction3 – Social – economical diversification and rising (improvement) quality of life at rural areas – 2 546 700 000€ Direction4 – LEADER initiative + Technical support – 400 000 000€

10. Main directions in Rural Development Plan in 2007-2013 Preliminary budget of axis2 – environment Less favourite areas – 2 868 250 000€ Natura 2000 and WFD – 550 000 000€ Agri-environmental schemes – 900 000 000€ Afforestation of farmland – 469 700 000€ Instruments of protecting and preventing forest of the catastrophy – 140 000 000€ Obligations from the period 2004-2006 – 183 800 000€

11. Which agriculture practices will help to protect Baltic Sea? The following agriculture practices which may reduce nitrogen and phosphorus surplus should be promoted: organic farming implementation of the Code of Good Agriculture Practices in all catchments area use of modern tight manure handling system – agriculture infrastructure for manure storage conservation tillage techniques to reduce soil erosion

12. Which agriculture practices will help to protect Baltic Sea?  usage of winter crops – increase the time of green cover of the soil  increase of the usage of leguminous which will keep the nitrates in the soil  suitable amount of animals per ha for example cattle 1,5 of animal unit (HELCOM’S recommendation) or cattle 1,0 of animal unit ( IFOAM recommendation)  best nutrients composition (including micro elements) to increase nutrient uptake by plants, based on soil tests

13. Steps that must be taken to make the sustainable agriculture methods more popular The Nitrate Directive is one of the most important regulations in EU, which helps to protect Baltic Sea. Our duty as CCB members is to monitor its implementation. CAP has negative impact on Baltic Sea. From our point of view implementation of the agri- environmental schemes, Natura 2000 and WFD, afforestation of farmland is of the greatest importance.

14. The three elements that should be recommended by CCB to be implemented within the new CAP in order to save Baltic Sea  Rural Development Programs with the special emphasis on agri-environmental schemes limiting leaks of nitrates and phosphorus through their extensive practices  Continued promotion and development of organic agriculture  Regulations which limits direct payments only to those farmers who fulfill requirements of Code of Good Agricultural Practices especially in manure handling

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