1. Genetics and Development

2. Embryology & Genetics How did the work of Boveri and Stevens support the chromosomal hypothesis of inheritance? How did the work of Boveri and Stevens support the chromosomal hypothesis of inheritance?

3. Embryology & Genetics In what way were Gluecksohn-Shoenheimer and Waddington early pioneers in developmental genetics? In what way were Gluecksohn-Shoenheimer and Waddington early pioneers in developmental genetics?

4. Genomic Equivalence What is meant by a totipotent nucleus? What is meant by a totipotent nucleus?

5. Genomic Equivalence How were Briggs and King able to show that a blastula nucleus was totipotent? How were Briggs and King able to show that a blastula nucleus was totipotent? What if more advanced nuclei were used? What if more advanced nuclei were used?

6. Genomic Equivalence

7. How does the potency of somatic cells from Rana pipens compare with those from Xenopus laevis? How does the potency of somatic cells from Rana pipens compare with those from Xenopus laevis? How did Gurdon’s transplant technique differ from Briggs and King? How did Gurdon’s transplant technique differ from Briggs and King?

8. Genomic Equivalence How was the first mammal cloned? How was the first mammal cloned?

9. Genomic Equivalence

10. Differential Gene Expression How do we know that only a small part of the genome is expresse in each cell? How do we know that only a small part of the genome is expresse in each cell?

11. Molecular Biology Techniques How can northern blotting be used to obtain information about development? How can northern blotting be used to obtain information about development?

12. Molecular Biology Techniques

13. What’s involved in reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)? What’s involved in reverse transcriptase- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)?

14. Molecular Biology Techniques Why is RT-PCR valuable in developmental studies? Why is RT-PCR valuable in developmental studies?

15. Molecular Biology Techniques For what are DNA microarrays used? For what are DNA microarrays used?

16. Molecular Biology Techniques What is involved in in situ hybridization? What is involved in in situ hybridization?

17. Molecular Biology Techniques Whole-mount in situ hybridization

18. Molecular Biology Techniques Transgenic cells & organisms Transgenic cells & organisms –What techniques are used to insert DNA into cells? Microinjection Microinjection Transfection Transfection Electroporation Electroporation Retroviral vector Retroviral vector P element P element

19. Molecular Biology Techniques Producing chimeric mice

23. Molecular Biology Techniques What’s the difference between transgenic and “knockout” mice? What’s the difference between transgenic and “knockout” mice?

27. Molecular Biology Techniques What is antisense mRNA and how may it be used? What is antisense mRNA and how may it be used?

28. Molecular Biology Techniques What is RNA interference and how is it used? What is RNA interference and how is it used?