2. S1-3-13 Construct electric circuits using schematics diagrams. S1-3-15 Compare and contrast voltage and current in series and parallel circuits. KEY WORDS CircuitSchematic Battery SwitchSeriesParallel

3. The flow of electrons through an unbroken conducting loop is called a circuit Basic Circuit must have: Source Conducting loop (wire) Load The load could be any appliance that makes use of the energy or a resistor

4. CellSwitch (open) BatterySwitch (closed) WireVoltmeter ResistorAmmeter LoadMotor Schematic: a representation of the components of a system (circuit) drawn using symbols. ●● ●● + - - +

5. ●● + - e-e- e-e- For the source: Long stroke = (+) electrode Short stroke = (-) electrode Including the (+) and (-) isn’t necessary on the cell/battery but the direction the charges travel in the circuit must be known Battery: multiple cells connected in a row (series)

6. ●● + - ●● e-e- Closed circuit (on) Open circuit (off) Circuits can be opened or closed by a switch:

7. ●● e-e- Voltmeter placed across component – measure drop Ammeter placed in the circuit – count coulombs ●●

8. Series circuit: only one path for the current In series the electrons pass through every component of the circuit ●● Since the electrons pass through both cells the potential (voltage) is the sum of the cells in series

9. Series circuit: one path Current is the same at any point Current travels through all components: Sum of drop by all components equals total voltage supplied by source Voltage drop is unique to each component:

10. Parallel circuit: multiple pathways for current Notice there can be multiple ideas present in one circuit: Here the cells are in series but the resistors are in parallel Where the wire splits or meets up again is called a junction ●●

11. Drop in each branch same as total voltage supplied by the source Voltage drop is same across all components: Sum of all branches equals total current at the junction Current flow is unique to each component: Parallel circuit: multiple pathways

12. SERIESPARALLEL One pathMultiple paths Removing a component kills circuit Current flows in other branches if one is broken Total voltage is sum ALL cellsVoltage is the same as single cell (but it lasts longer) Sum of voltage drop by ALL components equals the total voltage supplied by source Voltage drop in EACH branch equals the total voltage supplied by the source Total current is the same at any point Total current before or after the junction is the sum of current in all branches

13. CAN YOU ANSWER THESE QUESTIONS? S1-3-13: What is a schematic and how are they used as information for a circuit? S1-3-15: What are the similarities and differences between series and parallel circuits? KEY WORDS CircuitSchematic Battery SwitchSeriesParallel