1. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 1 CAMBODIAN UNIVERSITY FOR SPECIALTIES saklviTüal½y ÉkeTsénkm<úCa The Marketing Approach to FDI Attraction

2. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 2 I. Marketing from the Perspective of FDI Attraction “marketing” is simply described as the principle that one should provide what the market needs rather than what he/she has. “the process by which a product or service originates and is then priced, promoted, and distributed to consumers” (MSN Encarta, an online dictionary).

3. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 3 I. Marketing from the Perspective of FDI Attraction MPI and JICA (2003) conducted a comprehensive study on FDI promotion strategy. Setting up a national investment promotion agency and implementing action programs to ensure the success of FDI promotion. Investors are customers: truly understands customers’ behaviors and desires. As a first step, the government must listen to enterprises and find out the root cause of their worries.

4. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 4 II. Understanding investor needs is the key to satisfy them The government tries to achieve a large number of economic, political and social goals. The government must set priorities, coordinate among these goals and try to create a “win-win-win” It needs to know what encourages foreign investors to invest in a country like Vietnam

5. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 5 III. Five marketing variables for FDI attraction 1.Product is what satisfies customers’ need. 2.Positioning is what we say to our customers. 3.Target Audience: Different provinces may target different audiences. 4.Scope of distribution is the process and location in which customers can purchase the product. 5.Scope of communications is how and where positioning is delivered to the target audience.

6. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 6 IV. Investment Promotion Techniques

7. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 7 IV. Investment Promotion Techniques Some promotion techniques have been used by MPI, provinces and industrial parks from time to time. These five variables imported from the marketing approach can help policy makers to build and implement an FDI attraction plan

8. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 8 V. Two Crucial Problems of Vietnam’s FDI Attraction (i)unclear positioning statement: How is Vietnam positioning itself as an FDI destination? This Is Vietnam trying to be the principal risk diversification alternative for China? Does Vietnam want to offer the lowest production cost in ASEAN? Is Vietnam hoping to become a host country offering most stable FDI attraction policy in ASEAN? Will Vietnam be a country where investors can achieve the highest profit margin in the world?

9. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 9 (i)political stability; (ii) stable macroeconomics; (iii) Ideal geographical location; (iv) young human resource with skill and knowledge; (v) The competitive wage level of Vietnamese workers (60- 70% of Thailand, 18% of Singapore and 3-5% of Japan); (vi) prospective market size with a large population and rising income; (vii) legal reform with commitments to international integration; (viii) the ongoing reduction of the cost of doing business; (ix) low corporate taxes and import tax exemption; (x) permission of 100% foreign owned companies; (xi) elimination of foreign exchange control; (xii) the move toward the one price system; and (xiii) broadening of sectors in which FDI is permitted

10. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 10 V. Two Crucial Problems of Vietnam’s FDI Attraction (ii) ineffective promotion strategy and communication programs. a list of projects calling for FDI (UNIDO project); conferences on FDI promotion in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City; seminars in foreign countries; guidebooks (law and legal procedure, an introduction of the State Committee for Cooperation and Investment (SCCI) and so on); a video tape used in FDI promotion seminars and given to investors; cooperation with successful FDI corporations to organize workshops, seminars with potential investors since 2000

11. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 11 V. Two Crucial Problems of Vietnam’s FDI Attraction The Vietnamese government has recognized the weaknesses in current FDI attraction: (i)the lack of a master plan for FDI attraction; (ii) the list of projects calling for investment does not mesh with the need and interest of investors; (iii) ineffective promotion activities in foreign countries; (iv) communication materials are not sufficient; and (v) online information is available but not updated

12. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 12 V. Two Crucial Problems of Vietnam’s FDI Attraction Potential foreign investors are hearing conflicting messages from different FDI promotion delegations organized by MPI and provinces. No one is assigned to follow up and be actively in touch with potential investors at home. Present too much unnecessary information while providing little on what potential FDI enterprises really want to know Promotion materials should address the needs of investors, not the desire of policy makers.

13. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 13 VI. Steps to Market Vietnam as a Preferred FDI Destination (i)situation analysis; (ii) issues and priorities; (iii) objectives; (iv) strategic alternatives; (v) strategy; (vi) detailed objectives; (vii) tactics; (viii) agenda; and (ix) financial projection

14. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 14 VI. Steps to Market Vietnam as a Preferred FDI Destination We propose the simplified five steps for the purpose of setting up and improving FDI attraction strategy in Vietnam: (i) Situation analysis; (ii) Positioning; (iii) Strategic policy alternatives; (iv) Action programs; and (v) Measurement and adjustment.

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23. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 23 VI. Steps to Market Vietnam as a Preferred FDI Destination Item 4 of the Vietnam-Japan Joint Initiative (2003) advises the Vietnamese government to provide budgetary measures for FDI promotion to relevant ministries and people’s committees while the Japanese government would (i)organize regular investment missions to Vietnam; (ii) assist the Vietnamese side in organizing FDI seminars in Japan; (iii) build capacity for the FDI agency and three investment promotion centers; and (iv) assist Vietnam to establish an

24. Investment Management_Year IV Prepared by Ra Chanroat 24 VI. Steps to Market Vietnam as a Preferred FDI Destination We propose the simplified five steps for the purpose of setting up and improving FDI attraction strategy in Vietnam: (i) Situation analysis; (ii) Positioning; (iii) Strategic policy alternatives; (iv) Action programs; and (v) Measurement and adjustment.