1. YOUR MUSCULAR SYSTEM Teen Health, Chapter 16 Pages 409-412

2. Your Muscles The muscular system – the group of muscles that give your body parts the power of movement.The muscular system – the group of muscles that give your body parts the power of movement.

3. The Functions of your Muscular System 1.Muscles give your body movement 2. Muscles pump blood throughout your body 3. Muscles move food through your digestive system 4. Muscles control the movement of air in and out of your lungs

4. Types of Muscles Different types of muscles have different jobs throughout the body. 1.Skeletal muscles – muscles that are attached to bones that enable you to move - the largest part of the body’s muscular system - more than 600 skeletal muscles in your body - these muscles are voluntary, you control movement

5. Types of Muscles 2.Smooth muscles – are muscles found in organs, blood vessels and glands - examples of smooth muscles are: -the mouth -the stomach -the lungs - smooth muscles are involuntary, they operate without your awareness

6. Types of Muscles 3.Cardiac muscles – muscles that are found only in the walls of your heart - cardiac muscles are involuntary, - these muscles will flex and contract your heart even if you are sleeping

7. How Muscles Work Muscle movement is triggered by impulsesMuscle movement is triggered by impulses These impulses are sent to muscle fiberThese impulses are sent to muscle fiber –Muscle fiber – narrow strands of tissue within the muscle

8. How Muscles Work 2 basic actions that account for all muscle movement2 basic actions that account for all muscle movement –Contraction – the shortening of the muscle –Extension – the lengthen of the muscle Example: When you bend your arm, your biceps will contract and pull on a bone of your lower arm to make the arm bend. While this is happening, your triceps will extend.

9. Problems of the Muscular System 1.Muscle Soreness – is a temporary condition brought on by exercise 2. Muscle Strain – is caused by small tears in the muscle fibers - usually occurs in the larger muscles from being over worked

10. Taking Care of your Muscular System The heart is your body’s most important muscle. Regular exercise will increase your heart’s strength and performanceThe heart is your body’s most important muscle. Regular exercise will increase your heart’s strength and performance Be sure to warm-up before every workout and cool- down after every workout to prevent muscle strain.Be sure to warm-up before every workout and cool- down after every workout to prevent muscle strain. “Use it or Lose it” – if muscles are not active, then they will lose their muscle tone.“Use it or Lose it” – if muscles are not active, then they will lose their muscle tone. –Muscle tone – the natural tension in the muscle fibers

11. Muscles you Need to Know Sternomastoid – moves your headSternomastoid – moves your head Trapezius – raises your head and shouldersTrapezius – raises your head and shoulders Pectoralis major – moves your chestPectoralis major – moves your chest Deltoids – raise your armsDeltoids – raise your arms Latissimus dorsi – muscles that lower your armLatissimus dorsi – muscles that lower your arm Abdominal – flexes your torsoAbdominal – flexes your torso Obliques – help with breathingObliques – help with breathing Biceps – bends your arm at the elbowBiceps – bends your arm at the elbow Triceps – straightens your arm at the elbowTriceps – straightens your arm at the elbow

12. Muscle you Need to Know Gluteus maximus – extends your thigh & raises your torso from a bent positionGluteus maximus – extends your thigh & raises your torso from a bent position Quadriceps – straightens and raises your legQuadriceps – straightens and raises your leg Hamstrings – bends your leg at the kneeHamstrings – bends your leg at the knee Gastrocnemius – extends or lowers your foot when walking on tiptoesGastrocnemius – extends or lowers your foot when walking on tiptoes Anterior tibial – flexes your ankle and footAnterior tibial – flexes your ankle and foot