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原始主義與現代性 劉瑞琪
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研究現代藝術所呈現的原始主義(primitivism)的方法:
1. 現代藝術和原始主義在形式上的類同點 2. 現代藝術所表現的原始主義在政治與文化上的涵義
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一、高更:第一個追求原始主義的現代藝術家 Pont-Aven, Brittany
「我愛布列塔尼。在這裏我找到了某些野蠻、原始的事物。當我的木鞋在花崗岩土發出回聲,我聽到了我在繪畫中追求的喑啞、低沈、有力的調子。」 Tahiti
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Paul Gauguin, The Vision After the Sermon (1889)
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Paul Gauguin, Ia Orana Maria (Hail Mary) (1891-92) vs
Paul Gauguin, Ia Orana Maria (Hail Mary) ( ) vs. The meeting with an Ajivaka monk (detail)
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Paul Gauguin, Spirit of the Dead Watching (1892)
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二、法國的野獸派 Fauvism, Paris, 1905- Henri Matisse André Derain
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Henri Matisse, Luxuriance, Calm, and Sensuality (1904-05)
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Henri Matisse, Joy of Life (1905-06)
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André Derain, The Dance (1906) vs. Henri Matisse, Joy of Life (1905-06)
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Henri Matisse, Young Sailor II (1906) vs. Fang Mask, Gabon
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Henri Matisse, Portrait of Madame Matisse (1913) vs
Henri Matisse, Portrait of Madame Matisse (1913) vs. Mask Shira-Punu, Gabon
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Henri Matisse, Odalisque with Red Culottes (1921-22) vs
Henri Matisse, Odalisque with Red Culottes ( ) vs. Henri Matisse, Odalisque with Magnolias ( )
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Henri Matisse, Self-Portrait (1918) vs
Henri Matisse, Self-Portrait (1918) vs. Henri Matisse, Odalisque with Red Culottes ( )
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Henri Matisse, Blue Nude. Souvenir of Biskra (1907) vs
Henri Matisse, Blue Nude. Souvenir of Biskra (1907) vs. Henri Matisse, Odalisque with Red Culottes ( )
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Henri Matisse, Self-Portrait (1918) vs. Henri Matisse, Blue Nude
Henri Matisse, Self-Portrait (1918) vs. Henri Matisse, Blue Nude. Souvenir of Biskra (1907)
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Henri Matisse, The Painter and His Model (1917) vs
Henri Matisse, The Painter and His Model (1917) vs. Henri Matisse, The Silence Living in Houses, 1947
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Henri Matisse, Harmony in Red (1908)
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Die Brücke (The Bridge), Dresden, 1905-
三、德國的橋派(第一代德國表現主義) Die Brücke (The Bridge), Dresden, 1905- Ernst Ludwig Kirchner Erich Heckel Fritz Bleyl Karl Schmidt-Rottluff Emil Nolde Nietzsche, Thus Spake Zarathustra 《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》
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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin (1913) vs
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Street, Berlin (1913) vs. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Bathers at Moritzburg(1913)
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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Standing Nude vs
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Standing Nude vs. Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Kirchner’s with a Hat ( ) Dresden studio (1910)
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Erich Heckel, Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche (1905) vs
Erich Heckel, Portrait of Friedrich Nietzsche (1905) vs. Erich Heckel, K. G. Brücke (1910)
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Erich Heckel, Day of Glass (1913) vs. Erich Heckel, K. G. Brücke (1910)
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Emil Nolde, Still Life of Masks I (1911)
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Emil Nolde, The Missionary (1912) vs. Mask, Bongo, Sudan
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Emil Nolde, The Missionary (1912) vs. Roadside god, Korea
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Paula Modersohn-Becker, Self-Portrait vs
Paula Modersohn-Becker, Self-Portrait vs. Paul Gauguin, Two Tahitian Women (1899) with Amber Necklace (1906)
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Paula Modersohn-Becker, Self-Portrait
on Her Sixth Wedding Anniversary (1906)
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Paul Gauguin, Ia Orana Maria (Hail Mary) (1891-92)
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