1. Training and the Pulmonary System Francisco Garcia, Alessia Marsiglio

2. The pulmonary system  The pulmonary system consists of the lungs, associated muscles, and the airways leading to and from the lungs.  The lungs get enough oxygen into the body and to get rid of carbon dioxide that is a waste product of the body (in other words inhalation and exhalation)  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzfmSNcN4gs http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nzfmSNcN4gs

4. Basic Definitions Total Lung Capacity: Volume of air in the lungs after a maximum inhalation. Vital Capacity: Maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation. Tidal Volume: Volume of air taken in or out with each inhalation or exhalation. Ventilation Rate: Number of inhalations or exhalations per minute.

5. Explain the need for increases in tidal volume and ventilation rate during exercise.  During exercise, the body's production of carbon dioxide goes up. Increasing tidal volume is one way for your lungs to accommodate the exhalation of this increased carbon dioxide load.  Increases in ventilation rate and tidal volume bring more ventilation to the lungs per minute during exercise when more oxygen is necessary.  This ensures that the concentration of oxygen in the alveoli remains high and the concentration of carbon dioxide remains low.  This allows the body to continue its aerobic respiration providing energy to the body to continue exercise.

6. Tidal Volume and Ventilation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eph- 173yxEQ&feature=related

7. Effects of exercise on ventilation During exercise increases in ventilation rate and tidal volume occur.  Bring more fresh air to the lungs per minute  Ensure concentration of oxygen in the air in the alveoli remains high and carbon dioxide low  Concentration gradients of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveolar blood and air are therefore steep, maintaining a high rate of gas exchange (carbon dioxide diffusing into alevoli and oxygen absorbed into the blood per minute)  During exercise more oxygen is used and more carbon dioxide produced per minute

8. Effects of Training on the Pulmonary System Before analyzing the effects of training on the pulmonary system, it is important to understand the meaning of training in this situation. Training involves repeating exercises that bring the body into the desired state of fitness.  Can reduce the ventilation rate at rest from 14 to 12 inhalations per minute.  Can increase the maximum ventilation rate from 40 to 45 inhalation per minute.