1. Liquefied Natural Gas Fuel tank
MAE 435 – Final Presentation
Advisor: Dr. Zhang
Liebherr representative: James Whitfield
-Albert Ochagavia
-Pithan Rojanavongse
-Josh Harris
-John Alexander

2. LNG Background What is LNG? Why use it? Liquefied Natural Gas -162° C
1/600 volume of Natural Gas
Why use it?
Cost
Availability
Efficiency
Environment

3. Project Statement
To design and analyze a Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) fuel tank for Liebherr’s current T 264 mining truck that conforms to all Pressure Vessel and LNG regulations and fits in the space available on the mining vehicle.

4. Project Goals
Design LNG Tank to fit Liebherr’s current T 264 Mining Truck
Maximize Volume for 8-12 hour operational time (35% work load)
Strictly follow pressure vessel and LNG standard regulations
Perform a Finite Elemental Analysis of the tank using SolidWorks

5. Tank Design Parameters
Space Available
Assumptions
Load factor of 35%
LNG engine efficiency equivalent to Diesel
ASTM Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Same tank design will be used for both tanks

6. Inner Tank A240 Type 304 Stainless Steel Total volume: 1800 L
Thickness: 1.75 inches
2 parts (Shielded Metal Arc Welding Method)

7. Ullage Tank Rivets Volume: 180 L Diameter: 2.5 inches
Increases hold time
Pump less fuel method
Full tank gauge
Rivets
Diameter: 2.5 inches
Length: 3 inches
Vertical and horizontal support

8. Insulation Layer Multi Layer Insulator (MLI) 1 inch thickness
Low thermal conductivity
K= W/m-k
High thermal resistance
R=1440 m^2K/W

9. Outer Shell A240 Type 304 Stainless Steel Made of 2 parts
Shielded Metal Arc Welding Method
Allows vacuum
Placement for rivets at the bottom

10. Manifold

11. LNG fuel tank

12. Gauges Three Companies: Omega, Ashcroft, and WIKA Two Gauges: Fuel
Standard Size: ~ 2”
Pressure
Maximum tank pressure: 420 psi
Average Size: 1 – 2 ½”
Properties:
High pressure
High shock resistant
Cryogenic temperatures (304 SS)

13. Fueling Methods 50 gallons per minute Stainless steel
Standard Diameter: 1 ½ “
Time efficient
Prevention of temperature and pressure changes
Function at cryogenic temperatures and atmospheric pressure
50 Gallons Per Minute
Material: Stainless Steel
The majority of companies are developing similar fueling methods
Quick disconnect and fueling
Parker, CryoMac, Carter, etc.
50 gallons per minute
Stainless steel

14. Three Major Components
Vent
Removing warmer gas
Sub-cooling LNG residual
Decrease in pressure
LNG facilities may have a vent connection
Liquid
For defueling tank (emergency situations)
Relief Valves
Reduces pressure
Safety feature

15. Rules & Regulations
NFPA 57 – Liquefied Natural Gas Vehicular Fuel Systems Code
Design, installation, operation, and maintenance of LNG engine fuel systems on vehicles of all types
SAE J2343 – Recommended Practice for LNG Medium and Heavy-Duty Powered Vehicles
Guidance for construction, operation, and maintenance of LNG heavy-duty vehicles for public transit and commercial applications

16. Safety Features Ullage Tank Pressure Relief Valves
350 psi
400 psi
Emergency Shutoff Valves
Defueling connection

17. Finite Element Analysis
Weight Analysis (4000 lbs)
Yielding stress 207 MPa (304 SS)
Max stress from FEA 22 MPa

18. Finite Elemant Analysis
Pressure (420 psi)
Yielding stress 207 MPa (304 SS)
Max stress from FEA 190 MPa

19. Goals (2)
Design a single LNG Tank to fit Liebherr’s current T 264 Mining Truck
Designed a tank that fits and has an approximate volume of 1800 L
Maximize Volume for 8-12 hour operational time (35% work load)
Total of 3500 L = hour of operation time
Strictly follow pressure vessel and LNG standard regulations
NFPA 57 SAE J2343
Perform a Finite Elemental Analysis of the tank using SolidWorks
Max stress < yielding stress for 304 stainless steel (207 Mpa)

21. QUESTIONS?