1. The Advanced Research Projects Agency – Energy: Transformative Research and Development in Bioenergy Jonathan Burbaum, PhD Program Director January 5, 2012

2. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy 2006 Rising Above the Gathering Storm (National Academies) 2007 America COMPETES Act President Obama launches ARPA-E at National Academies on April 27, 2009 Innovation based on science and engineering will be primary driver of our future prosperity & security 2009-2010 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act ($400M appropriated) Creation & Launching of ARPA-E 2 2012 FY2012 Budget ($275M appropriated) 2011 FY2011 Anomaly ($180M under CR)

3. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy ARPA-E’s mission is to overcome the high-risk technological barriers in the development of energy technologies (A)promoting revolutionary advances in fundamental sciences (B)translating scientific discoveries into technological innovations (C)accelerating transformational technological advances in areas that industry by itself is not likely to undertake (A)promoting revolutionary advances in fundamental sciences (B)translating scientific discoveries into technological innovations (C)accelerating transformational technological advances in areas that industry by itself is not likely to undertake 3 Reduce Energy- Related Emissions Improve Energy Efficiency Reduce Energy Imports

4. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy To date ARPA-E has made 121 awards from seven FOAs to a wide variety of organizations 4 *Total Value of Awards = $366 million

5. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy End-Use Efficiency ARPA-E currently has 11 focused programs plus a broad portfolio of projects from its first solicitation Transportation Electrofuels BEEST BEETIT Stationary Power IMPACCT ADEPT GRIDS 5 HEATS PETRO Solar ADEPT GENI REACT

6. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy6 Energy Storage Biomass Energy FOA 1 6 projects 5 projects VBR Power Systems Carbon Capture 5 projects 4 projects Solar Fuels Vehicle Technologies 5 projects Renewable Power 3 projects Building Efficiency 2 projects Waste Heat Capture 1 project Water 1 project Conventional Energy ARPA-E FOA 1 projects can be categorized into one of ten energy technology areas

7. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy Macroalgae and biobutanol technology combined provide a sustainable biofuel 7 Approach: Technoeconomic Feasibility Biocatalyst Feasibility Commercialization via Butamax™ Advanced Biofuels (a DuPont/BP Joint Venture) Seaweed: Scalable production Potential to reduce GHG emissions by >90% compared to petroleum based fuels Grown at large scale today Biobutanol: Can be produced from a range of feedstocks Compatible with current infrastructure Physical properties which create value throughout the fuels supply chain Can be blended at 16% in gasoline 7 Team Lead E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Project Budget $17,769,396POP 2/26/2010 - 2/25/2012 (24)

8. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy “Electrofuels”, a program area for mid-to-long term solutions to many current biofuel production inefficiencies Assimilate Reducing Equivalents: other than reduced carbon or products from Photosystems I & II (ex. direct current, H 2, H 2 S, etc.) Pathways for Carbon Fixation: reverse TCA, Calvin- Benson, Wood-Ljungdahl, Hydroxpropionate- hydroxybutyrate, or newly designed biochemical pathways Butanol Alkanes Fuel synthesis: metabolic engineering to direct flux to high energy content molecules Etc. “Electrofuels” targets the first application of non-photosynthetic, autotrophic microorganisms for the production of infrastructure compatible biofuels. 13 projects, $45M ARPA-E, $56M Total “Electrofuels” targets the first application of non-photosynthetic, autotrophic microorganisms for the production of infrastructure compatible biofuels. 13 projects, $45M ARPA-E, $56M Total 8

9. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy Direct electron transfer: UMass will leverage the ability of some microbes to make electrical contacts with electrodes Team Lead University of Massachusetts Project Budget $4.1 MillionPOP 7/01/2010 - 7/01/2013 (36) Geobacter metallireducens can form conductive biofilms on the surface of electrodes Acetogenes such as Sporomusa ovata have demonstrated the ability to produce acetate directly from electrons with high coulombic efficiency Clostridium ljungdahlii will be engineered to produce butanol from electrcity 9

10. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy PETRO (Plants Engineered To Replace Oil): Developing dedicated biofuel crops 10 PETRO will create field ready plants that have enhanced energy capture from sunlight and can convert that energy into direct fuel molecules. 10 projects, $37M ARPA-E, 36 months PETRO will create field ready plants that have enhanced energy capture from sunlight and can convert that energy into direct fuel molecules. 10 projects, $37M ARPA-E, 36 months Metabolic engineering: Incorporating novel biochemical pathways and optimizing flux to produce high energy molecules in planta. Photosynthesis: Optimizing chlorophyll content and carbon fixation pathways in plants to maximize energy capture from sunlight. CO 2 sugars pyruvate CO 2 CBB (4.6%)(6.0%) PETRO targets two strategies to address the inefficiency of biofuel production in plants. CBB +

11. Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy Pine trees engineered to produce fuel molecules in addition to providing pulp for paper Increase storage capacity for turpentine/fuel molecules Increase the production of fuel molecules from 3% to 20% Improve the quality of the produced fuel molecules Loblolly pine The Technology: The Impact: Tapping pine trees “Bolt-on” to an existing industry - Loblolly pine is already a commercial crop grown on 10M acres for paper Potential to produce100 million gallons of fuel per year from less than 25,000 acres of forestland Team LeadUniversity of Florida Project Budget $6.4 MillionPOP 01/01/2012- 12/31/2014 (36)

12. Thank you Jonathan Burbaum, PhD jonathan.burbaum@hq.doe.gov http://arpa-e.energy.gov/