1. Community ‘Mild anarchy’ Whimsy Eccentricity Supporting the underdog Joyous Life-affirming Comedy

2. The Dark Side

3. Forays into darkness Out of 95 films under Michael Balcon, 17 are actually comedies There’s one horror, several crime films, melodramas, romances, costume dramas, historicals, lots of war films and one experimental fantasy. Even some of the comedies have a dark undercurrent.

4. Dead of Night (1945) Directors: Alberto Cavalcanti, Robert Hamer, Charles Crichton, Basil Dearden Ealing’s break from usual documentary realism into atmospheric horror Portmanteau film of different, linked stories

5. Two stories that deal with sanity work best: 1.A ventriloquist becomes possessed by his dummy (creepy!)

6. 2. An antique mirror reveals cracks in a middle class marriage

7. Closest to familiar Ealing comedy: Basil Radford and Naunton Wayne play two golf obsessed upper class twits who haunt each other.

8. Sexual repression – the downside of British restraint

9. However, lack of self restraint leads to…

10. William Rose – writer Alexander MacKendrick – Director Comedy from mutual murder!

11. Also directed by Alexander Mackendrick Consider the more cynical elements: * The island is populated by alcoholics *Captain Waggett is incompetent, rather than just buffoonish *The ending is quite bitter all round Similar to the TEB Clarke films in theme, but with a sour undercurrent

12. Kind Hearts and Coronets (1949), directed by Robert Hamer, is a cheerful black comedy about serial murder

13. Kind Hearts and Coronets…treats the values of English culture in an angrier, more elegant, more cynical and less cautious way; it mercilessly exposes forms of behaviour, rituals and class differences How?

14. Get this down for the exam! The critic Richard Dacre has suggested that what we think of as the Ealing house style is actually the individual concern of screenwriter T.E.B. Clarke, the “architect of Ealing’s popular image of cosy whimsicality”; the films he wrote “depict a Britain of shopkeepers, friendly spivs, jolly coppers, incompetent but honest bureaucrats, kind-hearted squires, contented old-age pensioners and eccentrics”, while the works of Alexander Mackendrick and Robert Hamer (including Kind Hearts) offer “a dark commentary on those values”.

15. What makes the film cynical? Consider the usual Ealing ethos: Class Gender Community ‘Britishness’ Self restraint Mild anarchy and restoration of order Documentary realism in style Are these all here in the same way as the T.E.B. Clarke films?

16. The familiar ‘documentary realism? Trick photography Period setting Elaborate costume The ‘deadpan’ style of Luis’ narrative is matched by the mise-en-scene (i.e. all surface, no hint of psychological depth through lighting, etc) Stylised performance

17. What are the messages and values of the darker comedies like Kind Hearts and The Ladykillers?

18. How far do the films you have studied for this topic share similar messages and values?