1.  starter activity  Explain the connection of the words with public health and whether it was positive or negative

2. How important were the Romans? TBAT to give arguments for & against the idea that Roman improved public health in Britain To compare Roman & Greek public health  LOs

3.  Your task Why did health & medicine improve under the Romans? Try to think of 5 reasons. Use the pictures to help you.  How did they hinder medicine?

4. Roman army needed a high standard of medicine and health Roman army needed a high standard of medicine and health Doctors like Galen introduced or developed new techniques Doctors like Galen introduced or developed new techniques Technology like aqueducts & sewers improved public health Technology like aqueducts & sewers improved public health Continued to use & record traditional herbal remedies Continued to use & record traditional herbal remedies Study of anatomy advanced, e.g. Galen’s experiments on pigs Study of anatomy advanced, e.g. Galen’s experiments on pigs

5.  Your task Divide half your page in two. On one side write ‘Public health improvements’ and on the other ‘Weaknesses of public health’. Study the information on p.42-3 and complete your table. Divide half your page in two. On one side write ‘Public health improvements’ and on the other ‘Weaknesses of public health’. Study the information on p.42-3 and complete your table.  How important were these factors in helping / hindering the development of public health in Ancient times:  How important were these factors in helping / hindering the development of public health in Ancient times: War War Religion Religion Government Government

6. Improvements Channels & pipes – Dorchester 8 miles long, Wroxeter received 2m gallons per day Channels & pipes – Dorchester 8 miles long, Wroxeter received 2m gallons per day Public baths – Lincoln, 5000 people per week Public baths – Lincoln, 5000 people per week

7. Weaknesses of public health Public health - only good in towns & cities Public health - only good in towns & cities Public baths – unhygienic, changed once a week, demolished before end of Roman Empire Public baths – unhygienic, changed once a week, demolished before end of Roman Empire Water tanks - housewives carried water from public tanks Water tanks - housewives carried water from public tanks Sewers - built close to surface Sewers - built close to surface Regular outbreaks of disease – Galen’s Plague (AD160) Regular outbreaks of disease – Galen’s Plague (AD160) Water supplies – rarely went to private homes Water supplies – rarely went to private homes

8.  Exam practice Section B, Qb: ‘Compare public health in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. In which period was there more improvement in public health?’ Section B, Qb: ‘Compare public health in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. In which period was there more improvement in public health?’ Timing: spend roughly 15 minutes on this question

9. Level 1Level 2Level 3 Describes public health in Ancient Greece and / or Ancient Rome, e.g. in Ancient Greece governments did not care about public health Makes a simple comparison, e.g. whereas in Ancient Greece public health was very limited, e.g. public lavatories were rare, in Ancient Rome the government took more care over public health, e.g. there were many aqueducts and fountains Detailed comparison with good technical vocabulary. Public health was limited in Ancient Greece. Most city authorities expected people to look after their own sanitation. The wealthiest could afford to use the facilities at the Asclepions where they could bath in the tholos, rest in the abaton and exercise in the gymnasium. By comparison in Roman times, because it was important to look after the army, features such as public baths, fountains and latrines were common. The army played a vital part in protecting the empire and so forts had hospitals with specialist doctors. Reservoirs stored water and lead or wooden pipes carried it into towns. Doctors like Galen stressed the importance of a more natural approach to health & the treatment of disease and so outbreaks of plague, like Galen’s Disease in AD160 could be identified more effectively in towns and cities

10. Plenary Plenary Key advances in public health Key advances in public health Evidence that public health was not as effective as first imagined Evidence that public health was not as effective as first imagined Tips on how to hit level 3? Tips on how to hit level 3?  Which time period saw the greatest advances in public health in ancient times?  Which time period saw the greatest advances in public health in ancient times?