1. RECYCLING OF PAPER & CARDBOARD

2. Recycling Recycling is a process used materials into new products in order to reduce: the volume of solid wastes in landfill the consumption of raw materials the consumption of energy Pollution

3. History of Recycling: Recycling starts with II.World War. Because of the shortage of raw material. This situation creates an advantage for economy and environment.

4. Importance of Recycling: Protection of Natural Sources Increment of population and change in consumption of sources cause the scarcity of the natural sources. Recyling is a method to prevent the natural sources.

5. Importance of Recycling: Energy Saving Decrease the energy consumption for industrial processes of raw material.For example; reprocessing of seperated papers save %50 of the energy. Decreasing of Waste Amount The volume of solid waste sent to the landfill is decreased by recycling. Invesment for Future and Economy Recycling will provide the natural sources for the new generation. It also support the economy by energy saving and using less raw material

6. Recycling Materials Glass Paper and cardboard Alimunium Plastic Battery Iron Organic wastes Electronics Concretes Engine oil

7. Steps of Recycling Seperation at source Collection Classification Processing Return to the Market

8. Recycling Of Paper and Cardboard Waste Paper& Cardboard Waste Papers are the material that used and separated as a waste. Paper is one of the easiest materials to recycle. Paper and cardboard are made from cellulose fibre that comes from trees. With 13 mature trees being used to make a single tonne of paper it is important recycle paper and retain trees and forests for the purposes of biodiversity, animal habitats and combating climate change. Some paper is made from other fibre sources like cotton or hemp. Making paper is a relatively easy process. Paper is made from trees, and every single part of the tree is either chopped up to make products or burned to create energy.

9. What types of paper products can be recycled? Newspaper Shredded paper Phonebooks Cardboard Magazines Computer paper Envelopes Junk mail Construction paper

10. When you recycle cardboard and other paper products you can create millions of new products such as : Egg cartons Paper towels Tissue Toilet paper Newspaper Phonebooks Paper bags Notebooks Stamps Business cars Calendars

11. Which paper cannot be recycled? Paper that has been contaminated by food should not be recycled. This includes pizza boxes, paper plates and paper towels Other non-recyclable paper products are waxed paper, carbon paper, gummed labels, thermal fax paper, confectionery and foil wrappers, Christmas wrapping paper, calendars, chip packets, envelopes with plastic windows. Paper products used for sanitary or hygiene purposes cannot be recycled

12. Factors that Affect the Recycling Of Paper The ratio of fiber in waste paper Class of waste paper Purity Types of print ink Collection and classification systems Production of types of paper Expection of market Wet grade chemistry

13. What are the benefits of paper recycling? Recycling newspaper saves 14% of landfill space For every ton of newspaper recycled you can save enough energy to power a television for 31 hours Recycling one ton of paper can save 17 trees Reduces sulfur dioxide emissions Uses less fossil fuels Most paper can be recycled up to 8 times to create new products Leaves more trees for the sustainability of our environment Saves energy

14. Recycling of Paper According to statistics; If waste paper is not used; 175 ha forest in Turkey and 110000 ha in the world will be lost.It is unprizable. Ecological life will damage.

15. Benefits of Recycling of One tonne Paper Disposal of 12400 m³ CO2 which is a greenhouse gas Protection of 17 trees Saving of 32 m³ water Saving of 1750 liters fuel-oil Saving of 2,4 m³ landfill volume Saving of 4100 kW/hr electric energy

16. How Many Times Can Paper Be Recycled Each time paper is recycled the cellulose fibres get smaller and lose strength. This means new fibres always have to be mixed with the recycled content. Paper can usually be recycled 8 times

17. What Happens to Paper and Cardboard When it Goes to be Recycled? Recycling of paper happens in 3 stages: Separation Baling De-Inking and Pro

18. Stages of Paper Recycling Separation In mixed recycling streams the paper and cardboard is separated from steel, plastics, aluminium and other materials sent for recycling. The paper items may be further separated into types of paper that require different processing steps. For example, cardboard milk cartons require removal of their plastic coating but newspapers don't

19. Stages of Paper Recycling Baling Different types of paper and cardboard are compressed into large bales for transport to different processing plants

20. Stages of Paper Recycling De-Inking and Processing Different types of paper sent for recycling will require different processing methods. Printed paper may need treatment with special detergents or soaps to remove the ink. The waste paper is mixed with water to break it down into a slurry of fibres. The slurry is screened to remove contaminants like plastic, staples, paper clips, tape and string. The cleaned slurry is then mixed with new fibres to produce new paper.

21. Recycling Process

22. Paper, cardboard and liquidpaperboard collected for recycling is taken to a Materials Recovery Facility (MRF). At the MRF the paper, cardboard and liquidpaperboard are sorted and baled. These bales are then transported to the appropriate paper recycling facilities. The paper is sorted into different grades and each grade of paper is mixed with water in a machine similar to a big blender, to create a wet pulp. The pulp is then passed through a number of screens to remove any contaminants such as staples, plastic or paper clips.

23. Recycling Process Some paper recycling plants de-ink the paper to produce white paper. When most of the water has been removed, the pulp is then pressed and heated dryers remove the remaining water. The large sheets of paper are then wound onto reels to be sold to reprocessors to make new paper products

24. Table for Consumption of Recycled Paper Amount in Turkey (tonne) 19992000200120022003 847105097812221289

25. Table for Percantage of Recycle of Paper 2000200120022003 % 36% 44% 42% 43

26. What can I do? Use both sides of paper Reuse paper several times in the same manner or for other purposes before being recycled.. Old newspapers can be reused around the home for packaging, cleaning windows, lining bird cages, mopping up spills and garden mulch. Organise yourself: set up a container for paper recycling at home, the office or at school, especially next to photocopiers, printers and fax machines.

27. What can I do? Buy and use paper with recycled content. Remove all contaminants such as staples, string, paper clips, metal foil, plastic material, sticky tape, latex, food remnants, grit and dirt from paper before recycling them. Send the paper sepeated to the MRFs.

28. REFERENCES: http://www.recyclenow.com/why_recycling_matters/how_is_it_r ecycled/paper/paper_the.html http://www.recyclenow.com/why_recycling_matters/how_is_it_r ecycled/paper/paper_the.html 2. http://www.azocleantech.com/Details.asp?ArticleId=131http://www.azocleantech.com/Details.asp?ArticleId=131 3. http://www.trc.qld.gov.au/environment/recycling/recycling- paper-cardboardhttp://www.trc.qld.gov.au/environment/recycling/recycling- paper-cardboard 4.http://www.wastecycle.co.uk/Services/recycling/Paperrecyclin g.htmlhttp://www.wastecycle.co.uk/Services/recycling/Paperrecyclin g.html

29. REFERENCES: 6.http://www.ehow.com/how_4928999_recycl e-paper-cardboard.htmlhttp://www.ehow.com/how_4928999_recycl e-paper-cardboard.html 7.http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%C4%9F%C4 %B1t#Ka.C4.9F.C4.B1d.C4.B1n_ge.C3.A7m i.C5.9Fi. http://cevrekulubu.pau.edu.tr/KatiAtiklar.htmhttp://cevrekulubu.pau.edu.tr/KatiAtiklar.htm

30. REFERENCES: 9.http://www.kimyaevi.org/dokgoster.asp?dos ya=570000010#gr040201http://www.kimyaevi.org/dokgoster.asp?dos ya=570000010#gr040201 10.http://www.geridonusum.org/kagit/index.p hphttp://www.geridonusum.org/kagit/index.p hp 11.http://www.mopak.com.tr/cevre.aspx?id=5http://www.mopak.com.tr/cevre.aspx?id=5

31. Thank You!!!