1. What ever you do please do not touch the materials on the table

2. Safety You are to wear apron, gloves, and goggles the entire block.
You MUST stay in the group you have been assigned the entire block.
Only ONE person may use the scalpel at a time.
When I say clean up you MUST follow the clean up procedure on the board.
You may not PLAY WITH or PUNCTURE the organs in the frog.
Once you have cut the frog open you MAY NOT cut it anymore unless permitted
If you put yourself or others in danger you WILL be sent to another classroom to do book work and you WILL receive a zero on the lab.

3. Frog Dissection!

4. Frog Background Where frogs live:
Animal Class: Amphibian
Where frogs live:
Many live on land, but they must return to water to reproduce because eggs are laid and fertilized in water.
Body:
Head- are two nostrils; two eardrums; and two eyes that have three eyelids! The third eyelid, called the nictitating membrane, and it is transparent.
Mouth- two openings into the nostrils; two vomerine teeth in the middle of the roof of the mouth; and two maxillary teeth at the sides of the mouth.

5. Before you cut
Look at the eyes, ears, forearms,
Inside mouth

6. Skeletal and Muscular
The frog’s skeletal and muscular systems consist of its framework of bones and joints, to which nearly all the voluntary muscles of the body  are attached. Voluntary muscles, which are those over which the frog has control, occur in pairs of flexors and extensors. When a flexor of a leg or other body part contracts, that  part is bent. When the extensor of that body part contracts, the part straightens. 

7. No ribs!

8. Respiratory System….just like us!
The frog respiratory system consists of…
-nostrils to let air in
- larynx that connects to
two lungs with alveoli
-lining of the lungs are also filled with capillaries just like us!

9. Circulatory System…not quite like us
Frog
Human
3 chamber heart with
two atria, and one
ventricle.
4 chamber heart with two atria, and two ventricles.
BOTH
Blood is carried to the heart in vessels called veins. Veins from different parts of the body enter the right and left atria. Blood from both atria goes into the ventricle and then is pumped into the arteries, which are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart. 

10. Urinary System…you get the idea!
Both: consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, Remember-The kidneys are organs that excrete urine. Connected to each kidney is a ureter, a tube through which urine passes into the urinary bladder, a sac that stores urine until it passes out of the body.
Leaves the frog body through the….
Leaves the human body through the….
cloaca
urethra

11. Digestive System….buuurp!
Just like us, when a frog eats the food will pass through…
-a mouth with a tongue that leads to the pharynx, or throat
- an esophagus, where swallowed food moves into the stomach
- Food then moves in small intestine, where most of the digestion and absorption of food into the bloodstream takes place
 -Any indigestible materials pass through the large intestine and then into the cloaca

12. Nervous System Do we have a frog nervous system or do they have a human nervous system?
The CNS of the frog consists of  the brain, which is enclosed in the skull, and the spinal cord, which is enclosed in the backbone. Nerves branch out from the spinal cord.

13. Time to cut it out!

14. Safety You are to wear apron, gloves, and goggles the entire block.
You MUST stay in the group you have been assigned the entire block.
Only ONE person may use the scalpel at a time.
When I say clean up you MUST follow the clean up procedure on the board.
You may not PLAY WITH or PUNCTURE the organs in the frog.
Once you have cut the frog open you MAY NOT cut it anymore unless permitted
If you put yourself or others in danger you WILL be sent to another classroom to do book work and you WILL receive a zero on the lab.

15. To determine the frog’s sex, look at the hand digits, or fingers, on its forelegs. A male frog usually has thick pads on its "thumbs," which is one external difference between the sexes, as shown in the diagram below. Male frogs are also usually smaller than female frogs.
In lab section of notebook draw the differences.

16. In lab section draw incisions (There will only be three
In lab section draw incisions (There will only be three!) Once cut you will pin back flaps to the tray.

17. After cutting skin…

18. On paper

22. Watch a dissection
Video of dissection
Step by step instructions

23. Place the frog inside the zip lock bag and then place it in the big trash can by the door
Remove gloves and place them in the trash can by the door
Wash the trays and the dissecting trays and dry them with paper towel
Place the dissecting tools inside the “black” container provided
Use the wipes to clean goggle
Use wipes to clean the table tops
Wash your hands at the assigned stations
Go through checklist #2