2. Chapter 24 lesson 2 WHAT TOBACCO DOES TO THE BODY

3. Effects of Smoking on The Body Cigarettes impair the health of the smoker in two ways –1. Short term – immediate effects –2. Long term-effects as smoking continues Over time tar and pollutants in tobacco takes its toll on several body systems Some of most deadly problems involve the respiratory and circulatory systems

4. Diseases of the Respiratory System 2 principal diseases that make up chronic obstructive pulmonary disease –Bronchitis –Emphysema

5. Diseases of the Respiratory System Bronchitis – Bronchi are irritated; as cilia become useless tar builds up resulting in chronic coughing and excessive mucus secretion

6. Diseases of the Respiratory System Emphysema – a condition that involves the destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs that oxygen is absorbed into the body –Sacs are destroyed and loses elasticity and provides less total surface or oxygen to be absorbed –More breaths are required – instead of 5% of energy to breath, people use 80%

7. Diseases of the Respiratory System Lung Cancer – Directly linked to smoking –Leading cause of cancer deaths among males –Becoming more significant in women When cilia are destroyed and excess mucus cannot be expelled, cough develops In these conditions cancer cells can grow and spread to other organs

8. Diseases of the Circulatory System Nicotine makes the heart work harder and speeds up the pulse Constricts blood vessels which cuts down on the circulation to the limbs Can result in tingling feeling hands and feet Nicotine contributes to plaque build up in the blood vessels The formation of these fatty deposits leads to arteriolosclerosis

9. Diseases of the Circulatory System This increase the risk of heart attacks RISK OF SUDDEN DEATH FROM HEART ATTACK IS 3 TIMES GREATER FOR SMOKERS Smoking increases chance of stroke due to higher blood pressure If people stopped smoking deaths from heart disease could be cut by 1/3

10. Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco Nicotine in Smokeless tobacco is just as addictive as in cigarettes Secrete more saliva Some is swallowed causing problems in the stomach and digestive system Juices contain chemicals that may delay healing of wounds

11. Dangers of Smokeless Tobacco Causes Leukoplakia – Thickened, white, leathery – appearing spots on the inside of a user’s mouth that can develop cancer Oral cancer strikes 30,000 Americans a year Because it is often discovered late, 50% of victims only survive longer than 5 years

12. DID YOU KNOW SEE PAGE 535 in BOOK

13. Effects of Smoke on Non-Smoker People who breath passive smoke receive the same unhealthy effects as a smoker

14. Effects of Smoke on Non-Smoker 2 nd HAND SMOKE Passive Smoke – Smoke inhaled by non- smokers as well as the smoke that remains in a closed environment after the smoker is through smoking Stream Smoke – Smoke that smoker blows off Sidestream Smoke – Smoke that comes from burning tobacco

15. Smoking During and After Pregnancy Parents who smoke contribute to deaths of at least 6,200 children each year 2,800 deaths of low-birth weight babies are caused by mothers who smoked while pregnant 1,100 caused respiratory infections Causes small fetal growth

16. Smoking During and After Pregnancy Increased chance of miscarriage Increased chance of still birth Growth and development problems May adversely affect intellectual development

17. Smoking During and After Pregnancy Nicotine Passes through the placenta constricting the blood vessels to the fetus Carbon Monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the mothers and fetus’s blood Nicotine can also be passed through breast feeding

18. Rights of The Non-Smoker 50% of all smokers light up without asking non-smokers if they mind 80% non- smokers are bothered but only 4% ask smoker to stop You have the right to ask smoker to stop Many public places have non-smoking sections or non smoking at all