1. LAMC CD 1 Dr. Allen Week 3 Genes & Human Reproduction

2. DNA- double helix molecule that carries genetic information on chromosomes. Gene- is a section of the DNA. For each pair of chromosomes, the genes for a trait are in the same locations…alleles.

3. Genotype Phenotype The genotype environment influences the developmental opportunities of the phenotype.

4. Dominant gene- a powerful allele whose characteristics are expressed in the phenotype... Recessive gene- a weak allele whose characteristics are expressed in the phenotype... Polygenic inheritance- the case in which a trait (phenotype) is determined by…

5. Mitosis- involves autosomes… Meiosis- the process of cell division that results in the production of gametes. Gametes… Gonads… Conception & Fertility/Infertility

6. Ovulation- release of an egg (ovum) from the ovary… Conception

8. Theory called homunculus… Identical twins (Monozygotic) Conception occurs with... Identical twins can develop their own… Fraternal Twins (Dizygotic) Conception occurs with... Always develop individual...

9. Behavior Genetic Theory Environmental & genetic factors that account for individual in personality & behavior. Shared vs. non-shared environments Heritability- value ranges from 0 to 1.00; the higher the heritability, the more the characteristic is believed to be influenced by genes

10. Gene environment interactions The environment influences how genes are expressed in the phenotype Epigenesis: development results from the bidirectional interactions between the environment & genotype (DNA) Ex 1: menstruation begins at 11-16 years Ex 2: adult twins; one develops breast cancer