1. SUBORBITAL AND SPECIAL ORBITAL PROJECTS DIRECTORATE Overview of the NASA Balloon Program Office (BPO) and Potential Student Opportunities Dr. Magdi Said Balloon Program Office – Wallops Flight Facility Phone: (757) 824-1386 Fax: (757) 824-2149 magdi.a.said@nasa.gov National Council of Space Grant Directors Meeting New York, NY October 27-28, 2006

2. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20062 NASA Centers & Wallops Flight Facility … CSBF (Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility) Wallops Flight Facility Wallops Island, VA (Balloon Launch Contractor)

3. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20063 Antarctica Balloon Launch ….

4. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20064 Balloon Launch Facilities in Antarctica

5. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20065 NASA’s Scientific Balloons – Physical Dimensions & Size Comparison

6. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20066 The Earth’s Atmosphere Balloon Altitudes typically 30-35 km, corresponding to pressures of 5-10 milli-bar, residual atmosphere of 5-10 g/cm2, i.e. above 99-99.5% of air mass. Ambient Temperatures -25 to +5 C Heat transfer primarily by Radiation Shielding effects on Cosmic Rays, X-rays, Gamma rays and UV nearly gone. Really a Space Environment !! Hence, ideal for use As a test-bed for new Space Technologies To enable important Science Observations Other potential practical applications

7. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20067 Expected Flight Environment Gets cold at the tropopause (~ -50 o C) Any water vapor will condense out and cause frost Good vacuum ( < 0.02 atmosphere) Landing can be rough (shock, trees, rocks, dragging) High velocity during initial descent (~500 mph)

8. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20068 NASA’s Balloon Program (Facts & Capabilities) Largest balloon flown by NASA59.6 MCF (1.7M m 3 ) Highest altitude achieved by a NASA Balloon 160 k ft (4900 km) Normal float altitude110-130k ft (33.5-39.6 km). Average number flown per year20 balloons Average duration (ZP)12-36 hours Longest Duration for ZP balloon (LDB)42 days (Antarctica Dec/Jan 04) Payload capacityUp to 8000 Lbs. (3600 kg) The Balloon Program provides low cost, high altitude platforms to facilitate scientific exploration

9. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 20069 Balloon Launch Sites Around the World CREAM 41.9 Day 3-Circumpolar Trajectory Over Antarctica Dec 04 – Jan 05 With International Overflight Approval, Northern Hemisphere 21+ Day Flights Could Be Achieved BLAST Sweden To Canada Trajectory, June 12 to 16th, 2005

10. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200610 CREAM - Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass Particle AstrophysicsParticle Astrophysics NASA LDB Fight Duration Record Of Over 41 DaysNASA LDB Fight Duration Record Of Over 41 Days Dec 16, 2004 – Jan 27, 2005Dec 16, 2004 – Jan 27, 2005 BESS – Balloon Experiment with Superconducting Spectrometer Particle AstrophysicsParticle Astrophysics Flown Over AntarcticaFlown Over Antarctica Dec 13, 2004 – Dec 21, 2004Dec 13, 2004 – Dec 21, 2004 Typical Science Payloads …..

11. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200611 Student Opportunities

12. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200612 Student Access to Space Student access to testing in space is limited The Balloon Program will offer limited opportunities for space grant recipients without impact on normal operations Depending on need, HQ may elect to provide space grant funding for student dedicated flights Students will learn to prepare space qualified payloads Students will gain experience in space related technologies

13. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200613 Why Consider Balloons as an Educational Tool ? Short project development cycle term (adequate for academic environment) Student involvement, education and training during all phases of a mission Fast Response to Scientific/Engineering Need Recoverable (“refurbish and re-fly’) - iterative learning Verification platform for Space Systems Affordable

14. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200614 What are Students Expected to Learn ? Technical Experiment development/design Fabrication Test and qualification for near space operations Troubleshooting Integration Launch/operation aspects Recovery and de-integration Data analysis Refurbish/Re-fly Management Project management Project schedule and deadlines Milestones/Reviews Communication skills Systems engineering skills Documentation skills Presentation skills

15. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200615 Available Opportunities Student Experiment* Module (SEM-B) Piggy-Back* Cost Sharing - High Altitude Student Platform (HASP) Purchase your own flight HQ Space Grant Funded SEM-B Case Iridium Communication HASP Payload * Requires coordination with and approval of the Scientist (PI)

16. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200616 Washington Oregon Idaho California Nevada Utah Arizona New Mexico Hawaii Alaska Montana Wyoming Colorado North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Texas Louisiana Arkansas Missouri Iowa Minnesota Wisconsin Illinois Mississippi Alabama Tennessee Kentucky Indiana Ohio Michigan New York Pennsylvania New Jersey West Virginia Maryland Washington DC Delaware North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida Maine New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut States Utilized SEM-B (30) States have Not Utilized SEM-B (20+DC) Elementary School (13) Middle School (25) High School (25) College/University (3) Other (School District, Organization, Home School) (24) 1 1 1 1 1 1123211111121112112222113141366711013221 2 131231 SEM-B Activities Status as of October 06’ 211

17. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200617 Is a collaboration between BPO and LSU/other Louisiana organizations  Fully dedicated to student experiments  Experiment/payload funded by space grant  BPO provides balloon and launch support First flight was launched from Ft. Sumner, NM on September 4, 2006 aboard an 11.82 MCF balloon.  Payload weight was 1000 LBS  Four institutions (7 payloads) participated  Float altitude was 122 KFT  Total flight time was 18 HRS., 11 MIN.  Cosmo-Cam provided interactive video imaging throughout the flight.  The flight was an operations and science success. It exceeded all preflight minimum requirements. Call for Payload for FY07 has been released, deadline is Dec. 15 th, check HASP website. High Altitude Student Platform (HASP) HASP Pre-launch

18. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200618 Washington Oregon Idaho California Nevada Utah Arizona New Mexico Hawaii Alaska Montana Wyoming Colorado North Dakota South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Oklahoma Texas Louisiana Arkansas Missouri Iowa Minnesota Wisconsin Illinois Mississippi Alabama Tennessee Kentucky Indiana Ohio Michigan New York Pennsylvania New Jersey West Virginia Maryland Washington DC Delaware North Carolina South Carolina Georgia Florida Maine New Hampshire Vermont Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut States Utilized HASP (3) States have Not Utilized HASP (47+DC) College/University payloads (7) 1 HASP Activities Status as of October 06’ 133

19. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200619 Typical Student Payload Development & Flight Cycle Application & Selection Design & Fabrication Testing/Qualification Integration Launch Analysis Jan 07 April 07 June 07 July 07 Oct.- 07 June-Sept. 07

20. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200620 Expenses …. Participants are responsible for payload development cost and all associated logistics cost. Typically, payload development cost is paid for through the respective space grant program. Balloon Program will offer limited number of free rides (access to space) for the select participants.

21. National Council of Space Grant Directors MeetingOctober 27, 200621 How to Contact NASA’s BPO ? Address: Wallops Flight Facility, Wallops Island, VA 23337 (Attention: Code 820) BPO Chief/Mr. David Pierce (757) 824-1453 BPO Assistant Chief/Mr. David Gregory (757) 824-2367 BPO Technologist/Outreach/ Dr. Magdi Said (757) 824-1386 BPO Secretary/Ms. Rebecca Gramlich (757) 824-1480 Office Fax Number (757) 824-2149 BPO Website: www.wff.nasa.gov/balloonswww.wff.nasa.gov/balloons For More info on HASP Contact: Professors T.G. Guzik and J.P. Wefel Dept. of Physics & Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, LA U.S.A. (http://laspace.lsu.edu/hasp/)http://laspace.lsu.edu/hasp/ http://laspace.lsu.edu/hasp/documents/cfp/2006-2007/HASP_CFP_2006_v5.pdf (Application) http://laspace.lsu.edu/hasp/documents/cfp/2006-2007/HASP_CFP_2006_v5.pdf