1. Jeff Johansen, Kevin Zack SRJC Spring 2011 Physics 43

2. First time it was theorized Theodor Hansch and Arthur Schawlow theorized laser cooling at Stanford University in 1975. 1 Theodor Hansch and Arthur Schawlow theorized laser cooling at Stanford University in 1975. 1 Theodor Hansch Arthur Schawlow

3. First Successful Test In 1985 Steven Chu invents laser cooling and receives a Nobel Prize in 1997. 2 In 1985 Steven Chu invents laser cooling and receives a Nobel Prize in 1997. 2 Prof. Dr. William Daniel Phillips (USA) and Claude Cohen- Tannoudji (France) shared the Nobel prize with Steven Chu. 2 Prof. Dr. William Daniel Phillips (USA) and Claude Cohen- Tannoudji (France) shared the Nobel prize with Steven Chu. 2 Steven Chu Prof. Dr. William Daniel Phillips Claude Cohen- Tannoudji

4. Theoretical Atomic Resonance Atomic Resonance Doppler Shift – Atom only “sees” the blue shift Δm-1 transition Doppler Shift – Atom only “sees” the blue shift Δm-1 transition Zeeman Effect Zeeman Effect Polarization Polarization Magneto Optical Trap Magneto Optical Trap

5. Optics Optical Isolator Dielectric coated mirrors Beam Splitter ¼ λ Plate Two lens telescope

6. Set Up Kelvin [5]

7. Lasers Trapping laser Trapping laser Diode Laser Diode Laser Its power requirements are proportional to the amount of atoms trapped, around 5mW Its power requirements are proportional to the amount of atoms trapped, around 5mW Hyperfine pumping laser Hyperfine pumping laser Diode Laser Diode Laser Only needs to be a few milli-watts Only needs to be a few milli-watts λ based on the type of atom trapped λ based on the type of atom trapped

8. Equipment Tunable Laser Anti-Helmholtz Coil Zeeman Slower

9. Murray, Andrew [3] The Cooling Process

10. What types of atoms are used? Rb (Rubidium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 780 nm. Rb (Rubidium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 780 nm. Cs (Cesium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 852nm. Cs (Cesium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 852nm. Na (sodium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 589 nm. Na (sodium ) atom has an atomic resonance of 589 nm. Srinivasan [6]

11. Works Cited [1] "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997". Nobelprize.org. 16 Apr 2011 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1997/index.html [1] "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1997". Nobelprize.org. 16 Apr 2011 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1997/index.html [2] "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001". Nobelprize.org. 16 Apr 2011 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2001/index.html [2] "The Nobel Prize in Physics 2001". Nobelprize.org. 16 Apr 2011 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2001/index.html [3] Murray, Andrew. "The Atom Optics Experiment at Manchester." Atom Cooling and Trapping Experiments at Manchester. 12 Jan. 2007. Web. 15 Apr. 2011.. [3] Murray, Andrew. "The Atom Optics Experiment at Manchester." Atom Cooling and Trapping Experiments at Manchester. 12 Jan. 2007. Web. 15 Apr. 2011.. [4] Ketterle, Wolfgang. "Ultralow Temperatures." 1 Jan. 2004. Web. 15 Apr. 2011.. [4] Ketterle, Wolfgang. "Ultralow Temperatures." 1 Jan. 2004. Web. 15 Apr. 2011.. [5] Wagner, Kelvin. "Laser Cooling and Trapping." Http://optics.colorado.edu/~kelvin/classes/opticslab/LaserCooling3.doc.pdf. Web. 15 Apr. 2011. [5] Wagner, Kelvin. "Laser Cooling and Trapping." Http://optics.colorado.edu/~kelvin/classes/opticslab/LaserCooling3.doc.pdf. Web. 15 Apr. 2011. [6] Srinivasan, R. "Laser Cooling and Trapping of Ions and Atoms." National University of Singapore. Web. 19 Apr. 2011.. [6] Srinivasan, R. "Laser Cooling and Trapping of Ions and Atoms." National University of Singapore. Web. 19 Apr. 2011..