1. Intracellular Compartments ER, Golgi, Endsomes, Lysosomes and Peroxisomes

2. Endomembrane System

3. Endoplasmic Reticulum Of what does the endoplasmic reticulum consist? Of what does the endoplasmic reticulum consist? What distinguishes the rough ER from the smooth ER? What distinguishes the rough ER from the smooth ER?

4. Endoplasmic Reticulum How do ER membranes compare with the plasma membrane? How do ER membranes compare with the plasma membrane?

5. Endoplasmic Reticulum What cellular processes take place in the smooth ER? What cellular processes take place in the smooth ER? What is aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase? What is aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase?

6. Endoplasmic Reticulum What is the fate of proteins made on the RER? What is the fate of proteins made on the RER? What happens to proteins before they leave the ER? What happens to proteins before they leave the ER?

7. Endoplasmic Reticulum What else takes place in the ER? What else takes place in the ER? How do newly made phospholipids get to other cell organelles? How do newly made phospholipids get to other cell organelles?

8. Golgi Complex Of what does the Golgi consist? Of what does the Golgi consist?

9. Golgi Complex How do the Golgi membranes compare with those of the ER? How do the Golgi membranes compare with those of the ER? What enzymes are associated with this organelle? What enzymes are associated with this organelle? How are the different vesicles associated with Golgi distinguished? How are the different vesicles associated with Golgi distinguished?

10. Golgi Complex What two models describe the flow of lipids and proteins through the Golgi complex? What two models describe the flow of lipids and proteins through the Golgi complex? How do anterograde transport differ from retrograde transport? How do anterograde transport differ from retrograde transport?

11. Golgi Complex What is glycosylation? What is glycosylation? What are the two forms of glycosylation? What are the two forms of glycosylation?

12. Golgi Complex How does glycosylation take place? How does glycosylation take place? begins in ER begins in ER continues in Golgi continues in Golgi

13. Protein Sorting How are proteins sorted as they move through ER and Golgi? How are proteins sorted as they move through ER and Golgi?

14. Protein Sorting How are lysosomal enzymes targeted? How are lysosomal enzymes targeted? How do we know How do we know this proposed pathway is valid?

15. Protein Sorting What evidence supports secretory pathway? What evidence supports secretory pathway?

16. Protein Sorting

17. What is the difference between constitutive and regulated secretion? What is the difference between constitutive and regulated secretion?

18. Exocytosis and Endocytosis What is involved in exocytosis? What is involved in exocytosis? What appears to trigger this process? What appears to trigger this process?

19. Exocytosis and Endocytosis What is involved in endocytosis? What is involved in endocytosis? What happens to endocytic vesicles? What happens to endocytic vesicles?

20. Exocytosis and Endocytosis What are the three forms of endocytosis? What are the three forms of endocytosis?

21. Phagocytosis What kinds of cells carry out phagocytosis? What kinds of cells carry out phagocytosis?

22. Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis How is this process different from phagocytosis? How is this process different from phagocytosis?

24. Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis What function does this process appear to serve? What function does this process appear to serve?

25. Lysosomes What are some of the characteristics of these organelles? What are some of the characteristics of these organelles?

26. Lysosomes How are these organelles formed? How are these organelles formed? What functions do they serve? What functions do they serve?

27. Lysosomes What is the difference between an early endosome, a late endosome and a lysosome? What is the difference between an early endosome, a late endosome and a lysosome? Do all late endosomes become lysosomes? Do all late endosomes become lysosomes?

28. Lysosomes In what way do lysosomes play key roles in both cell defense and nutrition? In what way do lysosomes play key roles in both cell defense and nutrition? What are residual bodies? What are residual bodies? What is the difference between autophagy and autolysis? What is the difference between autophagy and autolysis?

29. Lysosomes Under what conditions are lysosomal enzymes released outside of the cell? Under what conditions are lysosomal enzymes released outside of the cell? What causes lysosomal storage diseases? What causes lysosomal storage diseases?

30. Peroxisomes What technique enabled DeDuve to successfully isolate these organelles? What technique enabled DeDuve to successfully isolate these organelles?

31. Peroxisomes What are some of the distinguishing characteristics of this organelle? What are some of the distinguishing characteristics of this organelle? How are they identified cytochemically? How are they identified cytochemically? What functions are associated with peroxisomes? What functions are associated with peroxisomes?

32. Peroxisomes Why does hydrogen peroxide accumulate in these organelles? Why does hydrogen peroxide accumulate in these organelles? In what way does this organelles contribute to fatty acid oxidation? In what way does this organelles contribute to fatty acid oxidation? From where do these organelles come? From where do these organelles come?

33. Peroxisomes What types of unusual peroxisomes are found in plants? What types of unusual peroxisomes are found in plants?