1. Armenian Genocide Reading and Video

2. Who are the Armenians? What is unique about Armenians and their religion? - It is the first nation to adopt Chrisitanity in 301 CE (before Rome) When did Armenia declare its Independence in the modern era? - 1991

3. Early Massacres How were Armenians treated under the Ottoman Empire up to 1878? - Allowed to practice Christianity - Paid extra taxes and faced discrimination How did the Sultan respond when Armenians protested his not following the Berlin Treaty(1878)? - He massacred them In response to protests against unfair taxes, how many Armenians were killed in the Hamidian Massacres (1894 – 1896)? - 100,000 to 300,000

4. Hope to Despair Whose emergence and efforts were Armenians cheering in 1908? - The Young Turks and their reform efforts Why were their hopes crushed? - A new faction pushing authoritarian rule and “Turkification” took control of the government. - The Adana Massacre (1909) – 30,000 killed

5. The Armenian Genocide Who was one of, if not the greatest, enemy of the Ottoman Empire? - Russia How did the relationship between the Russians and Armenians contribute to the genocide? (p. 336) How did the Ottomans do against the Russians in WW I (1914 – 1915)? What did this lead to? - They lost badly and made the Armenians the scapegoats

6. The Armenian Genocide The 3 members of the Committee for Union and Progress (CUP) responsible for the genocide? - Mehmet Talaat - Ismail Enver - Ahmed Jemal

7. The Three Pashas The people behind the genocide.

8. The Three Pashas and The Armenian Genocide These 3 men were the ones tried and convicted in absentia by the War Crimes Tribunal Armenian males were rounded up and executed. Women and children were deported on forced marches out of the Anatolian peninsula It is estimated that some 1 to 1.5 million Armenians died in these events.

9. Ismail Enver- Minister of War (Enver Pasha)

10. Mehmed Talaat- Minister of Interior (Talaat Pasha)

11. Ahmed Djemal-Minister of the Navy (Djemal Pasha)

12. Recognition As of 2013, there are 21 sovereign nations that have declared this event a genocide. They are: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_Genocid e_recognition#Countries

13. In the United States The word “genocide” has been used in several official U.S. government documents. President Ronald Reagan called the event a “genocide” in 1981. 43 of 50 U.S. States have declared the event a “genocide”. The U.S. House Committee on Foreign Affairs has called this event a “genocide”

14. U.S Senator and Presidential Candiate Barack Obama (2008) "Two years ago, I criticized the Secretary of State for the firing of U.S. Ambassador to Armenia, John Evans, after he properly used the term 'genocide' to describe Turkey's slaughter of thousands of Armenians starting in 1915. I shared with Secretary Rice my firmly held conviction that the Armenian Genocide is not an allegation, a personal opinion, or a point of view, but rather a widely documented fact supported by an overwhelming body of historical evidence. The facts are undeniable. An official policy that calls on diplomats to distort the historical facts is an untenable policy. As a senator, I strongly support passage of the Armenian Genocide Resolution (H.Res.106 and S.Res.106), and as President I will recognize the Armenian Genocide".

15. President Obama in 2010 “On this solemn day of remembrance, we pause to recall that ninety-five years ago one of the worst atrocities of the 20th century began. In that dark moment of history, 1.5 million Armenians were massacred or marched to their death in the final days of the Ottoman Empire. Today is a day to reflect upon and draw lessons from these terrible events. I have consistently stated my own view of what occurred in 1915, and my view of that history has not changed. It is in all of our interest to see the achievement a full, frank and just acknowledgment of the facts. The Meds Yeghern is a devastating chapter in the history of the Armenian people, and we must keep its memory alive in honor of those who were murdered and so that we do not repeat the grave mistakes of the past.”

16. The Denial When was the term “genocide” created? - 1944 Article 305 is connected to the earlier Article 301 which deals with insulting Turkishness