1. Today’s Kaupapa: What chromosomes are and how they are used to pass on genetic information Wenerei, 20 Haratua 2015 Tasks: 1)Do the class survey 2)Work through the powerpoint Success Criteria: Complete the diagram in your book Complete the summary cloze

2. Do the class survey! Use a tally to record your data Tongue roller Non tongue-roller

3. Solutions: Tongue rolling: Hitch-hiker’s thumb: Widow’s peak: Attached ear lobes: Left handed: Straight hair: dominant recessive dominant recessive recessive (website) incomplete dominance CC = Curly Cs = wavy ss = straight

4. In all living things, characteristics are passed on in the chromosomes that offspring inherit from their parents. Tongue roller Non tongue-roller

5. Chromosomes are long strands of genetic information located in the nuclei of cells. What do chromosomes look like?

6. chromosome from female parent chromosome from male parent pair of chromosomes Chromosomes always come in pairs

7. You inherit half of your chromosomes from your mother and half from your father. Most human body cells contain 46 chromosomes. How many pairs of chromosomes is this? 23 pairs of chromosomes How many chromosomes? Other species have a different number of pairs of chromosomes; for example: fruit fly = 4 pairs maize = 10 pairs chicken = 39 pairs cat = 19 pairs All chromosomes contain many different genes.

8. Under the microscope…

9. Matching the pairs - karyotype

10. What is wrong with this karyotype?

11. Down Syndrome Often suffer from: - heart defects, hearing problems, Alzheimer's disease, leukemia, immune deficiencies and epilepsy.

12. What is wrong with this karyotype?

13. Klinefelter’s Syndrome Affected males have an extra X sex chromosome. X X Y Physical traits include narrow shoulders, wide hips, long arms and legs, small testicles, and very little body hair

14. Chromosomes and their genes are made of a molecule called DNA. DNA molecules carry the code that controls what cells are made of and what they do. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. Each chromosome is a very long molecule of tightly coiled DNA. What is DNA?

15. Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid

16. Summary – copy and complete! 1)Chromosomes determine our characteristics 2)Chromosomes are located in the n_ _ _ _ _ _ of our c_ _ _ _ 3)Each human has _ _ pairs of chromosomes 4)We inherit half our chromosomes from our f_ _ _ _ _ and half from our m_ _ _ _ _ 5)Each chromosome is made up of lots of g _ _ _ _ 6)Each gene determines just one physical trait (e.g. hair colour) 7)Chromosomes and genes are made up of _ _ _ molecules

17. Summary – copy and complete! 1)Chromosomes determine our characteristics 2)Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of our cells 3)Each human has 23 pairs of chromosomes 4)We inherit half our chromosomes from our father and half from our mother 5)Each chromosome is made up of lots of genes 6)Each gene determines just one physical trait (e.g. hair colour) 7)Chromosomes and genes are made up of DNA molecules

18. Finished? Read: http://www.abpischools.org.uk/page/modules/g enome/index.cfm?coSiteNavigation_allTopic=1 Try the quiz!