1. All of these organisms are animals and belong in Kingdom Animalia 1. If you had to classify these organisms into two groups, what would your categories be and which animals would be in which category? An example is on the side board- you cannot use mine. 2. If you had to classify these organisms into three groups, what would your categories be and which animals would be in which category? BELLRINGER Whale LionWhale BatSpider Bird Butterfly LobsterFish

2. Section 17.1 Summary – pages 443-449 Taxonomy is the study of how living things are classified into groups.

3. Section 17.1 Summary – pages 443-449 The groups that organisms are classified into are called taxa. (Taxon if singular) Organisms are classified based on: physical similarities genetic similarities

4. 8 Classification Groups “Taxa” Most broad, only three domains: Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya Example: Humans at this level are grouped with all other organisms made of eukaryotic cells– (Algae, Fungus, Plants, and Animals) More specific, based on cell type, method of obtaining energy, and # of cells, and complexity: Example: Humans at this level are grouped with all other animals- (Sponge, Insects, Birds, Mammals) Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals that have backbones at this level. Even more specific Example: Humans at this level are grouped with other human- like ancestors based on the use of language and tool use. Domain- Kingdom- Phylum- Class - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals with backbones that feed milk to their young. Order - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other animals with backbones that feed milk to their young and have opposable thumbs. Family - Based on even more specific characteristics. Example: Humans are grouped with other great apes that have opposable thumbs and have very close DNA strand sequence. Genus - Species - Exact organism Example: “Modern” humans with our brain size, learning capacity, and longevity.

5. How Humans Are Classified Broad Domain Eukarya KingdomAnimalia Phylum (Division for plants)Chordata ClassMammalia OrderPrimata Family Hominidae GenusHomo Specific Speciessapeins

6. D ear K ing P hillip C ried O ut F or G ood S oup Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species The 8 Classification Groups “Taxa” for all living things are:

7. “binomial nomenclature” Was created by Linnaeus. It is a two-word naming system for living things. SCIENTIFIC NAMING! Carolus Linnaeus (1707 ‑ 1778), a Swedish botanist

8. Section 17.1 Summary – pages 443-449 The “Binomial nomenclature” or scientific name for each species, is a combination of the genus name and species name. Homo sapiens Homo = Genus, sapiens = species Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

9. Naming Organisms What is the name of this organism?

10. Why don’t scientists use common names? Confusing – there can be more than one common name per species. Misleading – Example: starfish is not a fish WHY USE A SCIENTIFIC NAME? There is only one scientific name for each species Felis concolor

11. The common name of many animals can be misleading. Ceylon frogmouth (Batrachostomus moniliger) Killer whales (Orcinus orca ) are the largest member of the dolphin family. is a bird….

12. Flying fish (Parezocoetus mesogaster) do not fly, but glide. Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) is not a horse, but a fish.

13. MORE THAN ONE COMMON NAME… United States and England- Sparrow Spain – Gorrion domestico Holland – Huismus Scientific name: Passer domesticus

14. What language is used for the scientific naming? LATIN 1.Latin is no longer used in conversation. 2.It’s tradition. 3.Universal. * Always capitalize the Genus and not the species. What is the correct way to write the scientific name? If handwriting, underline the name: Felis concolor If typing, put the name in italics: Felis concolor You can also abbreviate the Genus: F. concolor

15. Section 17.1 Summary – pages 443-449 Compare the appearance of a lynx, Lynx rufus, a bobcat, Lynx canadensis a mountain lion, Felis concolor. Lynx Mountain lion Bobcat How Living Things Are Related

16. Section 17.1 Summary – pages 443-449 Lynx Mountain lion Bobcat How Living Things Are Classified The scientific names of the lynx and bobcat tell you that they belong to the same genus, Lynx. All species in the genus Lynx have 28 teeth. Mountain lions, have 30 teeth and belong to another genus. However all of these cats belong to the same family, called Felidae.

17. Recognizing Relationships Tell me something about each of these organisms. Carnegiea gigantea Nymphaea odorata Canis familiaris Peromyscus californicus Viola tricolor giant saguaro cactus fragrant water lily domestic dog common California mouse three color pansy

18. Question 1 According to the table, at what level does the domestic cat diverge from the ferret? Classification of Representative Mammals Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Common Name Animalia Chordata Mammalia Cetacea Mysticeti Balenopora B. physalus Blue Whale Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora MustelidaeFelidae MustelaFelis M. furoF. catus Ferret Domestic Cat

19. Classification of Representative Mammals Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Common Name Animalia Chordata Mammalia Cetacea Mysticeti Balenopora B. physalus Blue Whale Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora MustelidaeFelidae MustelaFelis M. furoF. catus Ferret Domestic Cat The domestic cat belongs to the family Felidae and the ferret belongs to the family Mustelidae.

20. Question 2 Classification of Representative Mammals Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Common Name Animalia Chordata Mammalia Cetacea Mysticeti Balenopora B. physalus Blue Whale Animalia Chordata Mammalia Carnivora MustelidaeFelidae MustelaFelis M. furoF. catus Ferret Domestic Cat How many levels of classification do all three animals share? All three animals belong to the same kingdom, phylum, and class.