1. Chapter 11: The Genus Homo

2. Brain size was about 750cc Homo habilus: “handy man”, Around 2 mya (1.6-2.3), Primary finds at Olduvai Gorge and Lake Turkana

3. Limbs more human like: arms shorter and legs longer

4. Teeth were not large like the other specimens of the same age (boisei)

5. Cutting: Buttering meat Bashing: Breaking open long bones for marrow Oldowan Tools First tools or first stone tools? Implies greater cognitive ability

6. Behaviors? Hunting? Scavenging Homicide/cannibalism Built simple huts: like bushmen today? Larger home ranges Probably nuclear family units: one male, one (maybe more) females Food sharing with kin Seminomadic Central place foraging?

7. Homo erectus AfricanAsian

8. Brain Bigger: about 1000cc Teeth very human like

9. Skeleton Look more human like (more robust) "The Turkana Boy“ (early erectus)

10. Choppers: simpler with cutting edge (Africa and Asia) Hand axes: symmetric biface (not in Asia, bamboo curtain) Acheulean tools

11. Behaviors Big Game hunter (elephants and such) Big packages of meat imply wider sharing networks (kinship and reciprocity) First Fire? Choppers used to working skins (clothes making) First to leave Africa (Europe and Asia) –New Habitats Language? Symmetry in tools implies special cognitive ability Cultural?

12. Homo floresiensis