1. Quick algae review Habitat Structure Type of cell Transport
Reproduction

2. MOSSES and FERNS Seedless Plants - Chapter 21

3. According to The Theory of Evolution:
Life (algae) began in the sea, and for millions of years living things remained in the sea. Yet, slowly, life emerged onto land.
The first land plants have to meet the challenges of living on dry land. Let’s take a look at how they did it.

4. Progression 450-500mya Algae (aquatic plants) Algae-like Land plants
Bryophyte
-mosses
-liverworts
-hornworts
Tracheophyte
-ferns
-higher plants
These organisms
have to face up
to the challenges
of living on dry land.

5. What are some challenges to life on land?
Drying out
Food
Diffusion of O2 and CO2
Successful reproduction

6. Adapting to Life on Land
have a constant supply of water to cells
be exposed to make food and thus need rigid support to hold up their leaves.
be able to transport nutrients & water throughout the plant - vascular tissue + rhizoids
water
food

7. 4. Must be able to exchange O2 & CO2 w/o losing too much H2O
5. Be able to reproduce without water - small spores, flagellated sperms
Mature moss capsule
Moss capsules

8. Phylum Bryophyta: Moss, Liverworts, Hornworts
Leptostomum inclinans
Papillaria crocea
Polytrichum juniperinum
Bryum argenteum

9. Chinese Club Moss
Good for dementia, alzheimer disease

10. Stop here
Homework read p
Questions 1-3

11. How Do Bryophytes Get Water?
Problem: Non-vascular plant 1. Via osmosis and capillary action 2. Leaves have only one or two cells 3. Only about 2 to 5 cm tall, cling to damp soil, sheltered rocks, and the shady side of trees 4. Rhizoids: root-like structures; mostly for anchor

13. Critical Thinking
Your friend finds a small plant growing in the desert. He identifies the plant as a moss. Explain why this plant is probably not a moss.
Don’t think out loud please.

14. Structure of Moss
Please find an empty spot on your handout. =)

15. Life Cycle of Mosses Alternation of generations:
process of switching from asexual (haploid) to sexual reproduction (diploid)

16. Alternation of Generation in Mosses
Germinate – develop into a plant
Protonema – transitory stage of moss plant
Archegonium – female organ
– egg develops here
- Protects gametes

17. Antheridium
- male organ
- sperm develops here
Protects gametes

18. Refer to handout
on moss reproduction

19. Your task for the rest of the class.
Create a placemat and make sure you cover these topics:
Phylum
Adaptation to life on land (5 points)
Where they are found
Type of reproduction
Appearance (description + diagram)
Diagram
Physical features (6 points)
Out of 22marks