1. K: Charophyta/Div:Coleochaetales

2. Alternation of Generations

3. Moss sporophytes and gametophytes gametophytes sporophytes

4. Moss antheridia Sperm

5. Moss antheridia w/sperm

6. Moss archegonia ovum

7. Moss archegonia 2 ova

8. Moss archegonia 3

9. Moss sporophytes

10. Moss capsule (sporophyte) Operculum Spores

11. Liverwort

12. Liverwort antheridiophore

13. Liverwort antheridiophore 2

14. Liverwort antheridia Antheridiophore sperm

15. Liverwort antheridia w/sperm

16. Liverwort archegoniophore

17. Liverwort archegonia w/ova Archegoniophore Archegonium ovum

18. Liverwort sporophyte Archegoniophore

19. Liverwort sporophyte 2 spores

20. Liverwort gemmae cups(cupules)

21. Gemmae cups (cupules) Gemma cup (cupule) gemma

22. Hornwort sporophytes gametophyte

23. Hornwort 2 “Horn –like” Sporophyte gametophyte

24. Rhyniophyta

25. Psilophyta

26. Psilophyta gametophyte

27. Lycophyta strobila leaves

28. Lycophyta strobilus megaspores microspores sporophylls

29. Lycophyta strobilus 2 megsporangium Microspores Megaspores

30. Lycophyta gametophyte

31. Sphenophyta strobilus

32. Sphenophyta strobilus spores

33. Sphenophyta gametophyte

34. Pterophyta sporophyte

35. Pterophyta sporophyte2

36. Fern frond w/ sori

37. Sori on fern leaflets

38. Sorus

39. Fern sporangia Sporangium Annulus Spores

40. Fern sporangia and spores annulus

41. Fern gametophyte

43. Gametophyte w/antheridia Gametophyte (prothallus) Antheridiasperm

44. Antheridia w/sperm Antheridium sperm

45. Gametophyte w/archegonia Archegonia

46. Gametophyte w/archegonia 2 Archegonia

47. Archegonia on surface of prothallus

48. Fern sporangium and prothallus Sporophyte Gametophyte (prothallus)

49. Pinus staminate cones

50. Pinus Ovulate cone (mature)

51. Staminate cone with pollen Pollen grains (microspores or microgametophytes)

52. Pinus microgametophytes (mature pollen grains) Generative nucleus Tube nucleus “Wing”

53. Pinus ovulate cone megasporophyll ovule

54. Pinus megasporophyll Megasporophyll Megaspore mother cell

55. Ovule w/megaspore mother cell Megaspore mother cell Ovule

56. Pollen tubes

57. Pollen tube 2 Ovule (megagametophyte)

58. Conifer Life Cycle Animation http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewi re/content/chp30/30020.html

59. Pinus seed Haploid endosperm (gametophyte tissue)

60. Cycadophyta

61. Cycadophyta 2

62. Cycadophyta ovulate cones

63. Ginkgophyta

64. Ginkgophyta leaves

65. Ginkgo ovules/seeds (naked) ovules (naked) seeds

66. Ginkgo staminate cones

67. Gnetophyta

68. Gnetophyta/Ephedra

69. Flower structure (carpel) (corolla) (calyx)

70. Inflorescences

71. Anther1

72. Anther 2

73. Dehiscing anther Pollen grains

74. Mature pollen grains Microspore

75. Lilium ovary

76. megagametophyte ovule

77. Lilium ovule ovule Megagametophyte (embryo sac) funiculus

78. Double Fertilization Animation http://www.emunix.emich.edu/~gha nnan/systbot/doublefertanimation.h tml

79. Dicot Seed Development http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis 10v/media/ch19/dicot_seed_devt.ht ml

80. Dicot Seed

81. Radicle Plumule Cotyledon Endosperm (3n) Testa

82. Monocot seed Plumule Radicle Cotyledon Endosperm Embryo Testa

83. Dicot Seed E A= plumule B= hypocotyl C = cotyledon D = testa E = radicle

84. Dicot seed germination Radicle hypocotyl epicotyl

85. Seed Germination http://trc.ucdavis.edu/biosci10v/bis 10v/media/ch19/plant_development.html

86. Monocot seed germination

87. Dicot root

88. Dicot root 2 Parenchyma

89. Dicot root/Vascular Cylinder 3 Endodermis and casparian strip Pericycle Phloem Xylem Vascular cambium

90. Monocot root Pith

91. Monocot root 2 Parenchyma Pith (Parenchyma)

92. Monocot root 3 Endodermis

93. Monocot Root 4

94. Dicot stem

95. Dicot stem 2 sclerenchyma Vascular cambium phloem

96. Monocot stem

97. Monocot stem 2 Sclerenchyma Phloem Sieve element Companion cell Xylem vessel Air space Inside Outside

98. Woody stem Summerwood Springwood

99. Woody stem 2 Vascular cambium Phloem Phloem ray Xylem Cork

100. Woody stem 3 Cork (collenchyma tissue or periderm) Vascular cambium

101. Plant Structure

102. Leaf bud Ground meristem

103. Leaf bud 2 Provascular tissue Ground meristem Apical meristem