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EMS/EMR Waves
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Electromagnetic Wave Simulations of Science!
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Labels for Wave Models of Science!
Sound Longitudinal Wave Light Transverse Wave Electromagnetic 3-D Transverse Wave Compression Crest Rarefaction Trough Wavelength Frequency Amplitude
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# Wave Example Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum & Light
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_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
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Electromagnetic Spectrum/Radiation
Electromagnetic waves: are transverse waves produced by the motion of electrically charged particles. They DO NOT need a medium! Can travel though empty space at 300,000km/s or 186,000 miles/sec Radiation: The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves. Abbreviations… EMS = Electromagnetic Spectrum EMR = Electromagnetic Radiation
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# Wave Example Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
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EMS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 # Wave Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG Radio
Microwave 3 Infrared 4 Visible 5 Ultraviolet 6 X-Ray 7 Gamma Ray
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EMS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 # Wave Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG Radio
Microwave 3 Infrared 4 Visible 5 Ultraviolet 6 X-Ray 7 Gamma Ray
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
# Wave Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG 1 Radio Largest Longest Low 2 Microwave 3 Infrared 4 Visible 5 Ultraviolet 6 X-Ray 7 Gamma Ray Smallest Shortest High
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Electromagnetic Spectrum
# Wave Mnemonic Size Wavelength Frequency NRG 1 Radio Ronald Really Largest Longest Low 2 Microwave McDonald 3 Infrared Invented Is 4 Visible Very 5 Ultraviolet Unbelievably Ultimately 6 X-Ray X-cellent X-tra 7 Gamma Ray Grub! Great! Smallest Shortest High
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Mnemonics to Remember Spectrum Order…
From smallest (gamma) to greatest (radio)… Great, X-Men Uses Very Important Strategy: Running Greg's X-Ray Unveiled Viral Intestinal Sores Rotting From greatest (radio) to smallest (gamma) … Reading Music Is Very Unsatisfactory for Xylophones and Glockenspiels Really Mrs. neri Is Very, Ultimately, Xtra Great
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Electromagnetic Spectrum Electromagnetic waves that are classified in ascending order of energy (frequency); they propagate at the speed of light (300,000 km/s). visible light Electromagnetic radiation that is perceived by the human eye and ranges from red to violet. gamma rays Electromagnetic waves of very high frequency that are emitted by radioactive bodies; they are the most radiant and harmful rays and are used especially in treating cancer. X-rays Electromagnetic waves used especially in radiology; frequent exposure can be harmful. ultraviolet radiation Electromagnetic waves used especially to tan skin and in microscopy, medicine and lighting (fluorescent tubes). infrared radiation Electromagnetic waves emitted by warm objects; their many uses include heating, medicine, aerial photography and weaponry. microwaves Short electromagnetic waves; their many applications include radar detection and microwave ovens. radio waves Very long electromagnetic waves (about 1 meter) having low frequency; they are used to transmit information (television, radio)
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Put in your notes above or below your picture…
Long Wavelength Short Wavelength Low Frequency High Frequency Low Energy High Energy
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Radio: Yes, this is the same kind of energy that radio stations emit into the air for your boom box to capture and turn into your favorite Mozart, Madonna, or Justin Timberlake tunes. But radio waves are also emitted by other things ... such as stars and gases in space. You may not be able to dance to what these objects emit, but you can use it to learn what they are made of. Microwaves: They will cook your popcorn in just a few minutes! Microwaves in space are used by astronomers to learn about the structure of nearby galaxies, and our own Milky Way! Infrared: Our skin emits infrared light, which is why we can be seen in the dark by someone using night vision goggles. In space, IR light maps the dust between stars. Visible: Yes, this is the part that our eyes see. Visible radiation is emitted by everything from fireflies to light bulbs to stars ... also by fast-moving particles hitting other particles. Ultraviolet: We know that the Sun is a source of ultraviolet (or UV) radiation, because it is the UV rays that cause our skin to burn! Stars and other "hot" objects in space emit UV radiation. X-rays: Your doctor uses them to look at your bones and your dentist to look at your teeth. Hot gases in the Universe also emit X-rays . Gamma-rays: Radioactive materials (some natural and others made by man in things like nuclear power plants) can emit gamma-rays. Big particle accelerators that scientists use to help them understand what matter is made of can sometimes generate gamma-rays. But the biggest gamma-ray generator of all is the Universe! It makes gamma radiation in all kinds of ways.
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Radio Waves All around us Long wavelengths and low frequencies.
Radio, TV, cellular phones, cordless phones, etc.
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Microwaves Radio waves with the highest frequency and energy.
Communications and microwave ovens!
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Infrared Radiation Slightly lower frequency than visible light.
Felt as heat Infrared lamps keep your french fries warm! Used in Remote Controls
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IR does not penetrate walls and so does not interfere with other devices in adjoining rooms. Infrared is the most common way for remote controls to command appliances.
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Visible Radiation Or light, is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum you can see! Each different wavelength of light has a different color!!
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Ultraviolet Radiation
Higher frequency than visible light. Greater penetrating power! Helps skin cells produce vitamin D, which is needed for healthy bones and teeth! Sterilize surgical instruments Over exposure kills healthy cells!!! Sagging, dry skin, skin cancer! Sunblock and sunglasses!!!
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X Rays X rays have a shorter wavelength and a higher frequency than ultraviolet radiation. Higher energy allows X rays to travel through some types of matter such as your skin and muscles.
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Gamma Rays Have the highest frequency and are the most penetrating of electromagnetic waves! They are emitted from the nuclei of radioactive atoms. Earth receives some from space. Can be used to kill cancer cells.
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Mount Moran in Jackson, Wyoming
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Types of Reflection Reflected light is when light is not completely absorbed by an object. The type of surface affects the type of reflection. Regular/Specular reflection- smooth surface, forms a clear image. (flat mirror) Diffuse reflection- rough surface, forms a fuzzy image.
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Ex) Mirror Ex) Road
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Refraction The bending of light
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Rainbows
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Light Reflection & Refraction
Ex) Mirror Ex) Road White Light ROYGBIV Colors of the Rainbow!
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Diffraction Diffraction= Bending and spreading of waves usually around an obstacle
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Mirrors Convex mirrors- Concave mirrors-
a mirror with a surface that curves outward Images appear smaller & farther away “objects are closer than they appear” Concave mirrors- mirror with a surface curved inward. Form either virtual images or real images depending on the position of the object
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They all use lenses to create images!
What do cameras, telescopes, microscopes, and movie projectors have in common? They all use lenses to create images!
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Lens A transparent object (see through) that refracts (bends) light waves such that they converge or diverge to create an image Lenses are classified by shape There are 2 types Convex Concave
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Concave Lens Lens is thinner in the middle than at the edges
Does not produce a real image Produces a Virtual Image Smaller than objects Uses Telescopes, Microscopes, and Nearsighted Eyeglasses
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Convex Lens Lens is thicker in the middle than at the edges
Produces a real image Light Rays Refract Toward Each Other A real image is larger than the object Side Mirror on car “Objects appear smaller than they actually are” Uses= Magnifying Lenses, Cameras, and Farsighted Eyeglasses
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Near Sighted Concave Lens (Curves Inward & Thin in Middle)
Can see near but not far because light is focused in front of the Retina Concave Lens (Curves Inward & Thin in Middle) Light Diverges or Spreads out back towards the Retina
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Far Sighted Convex Lens (Curves Outward & Thick in Middle)
Can see far but not near because light is focused behind the Retina Convex Lens (Curves Outward & Thick in Middle) Light Converges or Comes Together more in front of Retina
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Convex vs. Concave Convex Mirror= Curved Outward Like the Back of a Spoon! Concave Mirror= Curved Inward Like the Inside of a Spoon! Convex Lenses = Curve Outward, Thick in the Middle, & used for Farsightedness! Concave Lenses = Curve Inward, Thin in the Middle, & used for Nearsightedness! (Near a Cave!)
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Concave vs. Convex Concave Mirror Concave Lens Convex Mirror
Convex Lens
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EMS PASTA Title Names Use the pasta to show the different wavelengths of the EMS Label Radio, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible, Ultra Violet, X-Rays, & Gamma Rays Include uses for each DRAW in your notes on p. 17!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Study for Light QuizTomorrow!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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