1. Introduction to Managing Hazardous Waste
Presented by: Steven Shaffer, CHMM
Industrial Hygienist 1

2. Objectives
Describe the major components of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
Explain how to identify, and accumulate, hazardous waste in accordance with RCRA
Describe how to properly label and prepare hazardous waste for disposal
Introduce generator status requirements 3

3. I. What is the Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (RCRA)?

4. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
The mission of the U.S.E.P.A. is to protect human health and to safeguard the natural environment -- air, water, land, upon which life depends.
EPA strategic plan -

5. Resource Conservation & Recovery Act (RCRA)
Enacted in by EPA as an amendment to the Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA)
Main objectives:
Protect human health & the environment
conserve valuable material & energy resources
Established "Cradle-to-grave" management and tracking of hazardous waste
EPA inspectors have same authority as FBI/ATF 5

6. RCRA Administration EPA administers RCRA
States may be authorized by the EPA
Iowa does not administer state program
RCRA program in Iowa is administered directly by the EPA Region VII, in Kansas City, Kansas

7. USEPA Regions

8. II. Identification of Chemical Hazardous Waste

9. Two Steps of Hazardous Waste Management
1. What is hazardous waste?
2. How do I collect my hazardous waste? 11

10. What is Hazardous Waste?
Used Chemicals
Expired chemicals
Old chemicals without expiration dates
Waste “test”
What is this chemical?
How do I use it?
How often is it used?
Is the material still suitable for its intended use?

11. Criteria for Determining Hazardous Waste
Listed (EPA activity)
Characteristics (generator activity)
Ignitable
Toxic
Corrosive
Reactive 6

12. Listed Waste Unused or off-specification materials
U-List, Toxic and other
P-List, Acutely toxic materials
Used material or mixture of solvents
F-list, Hazardous waste from nonspecific sources, spent solvents
D-list, toxic materials

13. Characteristic Waste Ignitable Corrosive
Flammable liquids, flashpoint < 60 C (140 F)
Oxidizers, Organic Peroxides, Flammable compressed gasses
Any material, other than a liquid, that is capable of spontaneous and sustained combustion under standard temperature and pressure.
Corrosive
Aqueous liquids with a pH < 2 or pH > 12
Inorganic acids, Organic acids, Bases

14. Characteristic Waste Cont.
Reactive
Materials which can react violently or create toxic fumes.
Sulfides,Cyanides, Peroxide formers, Alkali metals, Dinitro, Trinitro compounds, Carbonyl compounds, isocyanates, and perchlorate crystal formers
Toxic
This includes 8 heavy metals, 10 pesticides, and 21 organic compounds.
D-list

15. III. Packaging Hazardous Waste

16. Packaging Your Waste for Disposal
Compatible containers
Lids
Screw-cap containers are best
Labeled 11

17. Labeling
Label all chemical waste containers with the word “Hazardous Waste",
e.g., “Hazardous Waste, Acetone"
Permanent labels
Utilize proper chemical name or common names
Do not use formulas, symbols or structural configurations
State active ingredients when using trade names 18

18. Waste Segregation Compatible Inorganic vs. organic
Halogenated vs. non-halogenated
Pump oil
Compressed gas cylinders
Sharps in puncture-proof containers (needles, syringes, razor blades) 12

19. Unknown Chemicals Unknowns are serious EPA violations
Prevention of Unknowns
Maintain legible labels
Review and rotate chemical stock
Keep proper inventory records 29

20. Empty Containers
A container is empty if all wastes have been removed using common practices for the type of container.
Triple rinse P-listed waste containers and handle rensate as hazardous waste.
Remove label.
Dispose of empty containers in the normal refuse. 14

23. IV. Generator Status

24. Generator Status Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator
Large Quantity Generator

25. Generator Requirements Cont.
Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator (CESQG)
Identify all Hazardous Waste generated
Send all hazardous waste to a permitted hazardous waste management facility.

26. Generator Status Cont.
Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generator (CESQG)
Generate < 100 Kg Hazardous Waste and < 1 Kg P - list in a calendar month
Accumulate no more than 1,000 Kg of Hazardous Waste at any time

27. Generator Requirements Cont.
Small Quantity Generator (SQG)
Register, obtain EPA ID number
Comply with Hazardous Waste container requirements in 40 CFR 265.
Meet requirements of Satellite Accumulation Areas, (SAA)
Provide an Emergency Response Coordinator
Post the name and phone number of emergency response coordinator, location of spill kit, fire alarm, fire extinguisher, and fire department number near phone

28. SQG Requirements Cont.
Ensure employees know how to respond to emergencies and how to handle hazardous waste
Establish record keeping on:
Procedures for waste characterization
Documentation on generator status
Registration
Manifests
Container inspection
Land Disposal Restrictions (LDR)
Correspondence with local emergency responders

29. Generator Requirements
Large Quantity Generator (LQG)
Register, obtain EPA ID number
Comply with Hazardous Waste container requirements in 40 CFR 265.
Meet requirements of Satellite Accumulation Areas, (SAA) and accumulation areas
Prepare a Contingency Plan
Develop and implement a formal training program
Maintain record keeping as a SQG and include training records, contingency planning, and biannual reporting.

30. Summary of Generator Status
Requirement (40 CFR)
CESQG
SQG
LQG
Waste determination
yes
Generation Rate limits
< 100 Kg/month
Kg/month
>1000 KG/ month
Accumulation limit w/o Permit
< 1000 Kg at any time
< 6000 Kg
No limit
< 1 Kg P-list
Accumulation time
N/A
180 days
90 days
EPA ID number
Start date
"Hazardous Waste"
Air emission standard
Satellite Accumulation
Use Manifests
Exception Reporting
Required after 35 days
Required after 45 days
Biennial Report
Contingency Plan
Basic Planning
Full written plan
RCRA Training
Basic training
Full Compliance
Storage Requirements
Yes
Record Keeping
Waste Determination
Generation log

31. How do I dispose of my waste?
If you are LQG or SQG you must use an Environmental Services company.
If you are CESQG you can use the Household Hazardous Materials Regional Collection Centers
Iowa waste exchange program

32. HHM Regional Collection Centers

33. Resources Iowa Waste Reduction Center Iowa Waste Exchange Iowa DNR
Iowa Waste Exchange
Iowa DNR
Regional Collection Centers
EPA Region 7

34. Questions???