1. 18.05.2015 Seite 1 Integration of Gender in EnDev - Kenya Gender and Practitioners Meeting December 12 th – 13 th 2011 – Amsterdam, The Netherlands Anna Ingwe – Musungu Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH Promotion of Private Sector Development in Agriculture Programme (PSDA)

2. 18.05.2015 Seite 2 Page 2 Energizing Development Partnership

3. 18.05.2015 Seite 3 Page 3 Kenyan experience – EnDev Program Objective:To provide households, businesses and social institutions access to modern clean energy by provision of ICS in a sustainable manner Scope:12 districts (out of 72) in 3 focal areas Funding: Dutch – German Partnership, E 5.95 million Duration: 1st Phase Nov 2005 – June 2009 2nd PhaseJuly 2009 – Dec 2012 Activities:Focus on building capacity to develop sustainable market for ICS (commercial approach) Partners: Private sector – bring the service to the people GOK network – supervision & coordination Agro industries/CBO/NGO – access to farmers/community Donor funded project – mainstream stove activities

4. 18.05.2015 Seite 4 Page 4

5. 18.05.2015 Seite 5 Page 5 Jiko kisasa stove Jiko kisasa one pot JIko kisasa portable Jiko kisasa two pots Jiko kisasa liner 3 USD 8 USD 4 USD 8 USD

6. 18.05.2015 Seite 6 Page 6 Rocket stove Brick rocket stove Clay Rocket Stove 10 – 175 USD size & materials 5 – 10 USD

7. 18.05.2015 Seite 7 Page 7 1. Traditional cooking practices – great burden to women and children  Health: exposure to IAP - causes respiratory diseases and increases early child mortality.  Poverty trap: Time consuming tasks as fuelwood collection keep women from generating additional income or children from going to school.  Security: While collecting fuelwood in distant areas (due to fuel shortage), women and children are at higher risk to become a victim of crime. 18.05.2015 Why Address Gender Equality in Stove Work?

8. 18.05.2015 Seite 8 Page 818.05.2015 Why Address Gender Equality in Stove Work? 2. Labour division – women and men have different responsibilities and impacts on ICS work  Job creation: Women are seldom included in technical trainings on ICS  Key persons: Women and men are key persons for the successful dissemination of ICS: - Women built up good rapport to other women - Men usually hold the money

9. 18.05.2015 Seite 9 Page 9 Gender in EnDev Kenya  EnDev Kenya has focused on job creation for men and women rather than a common gender mainstreaming approach  Two program indicators:  35% income increase for women  Employment - above-average job creation for women  Important to recognize the different contributions and roles of both genders

10. 18.05.2015 Seite 10 Page 10  Project recognized women role in promotion, adoption and use of ICS  Offer opportunity and encourage their contribution /participation 1. Micro level  Women are included at all levels of VC to increase the likelihood of ICS adoption and long term use  New groups include men and women  Groups include old and young members to satisfy future needs 2.Meso level – women are targetted and involved in stove work as entrepreneurs and trainers along the VC Approach

11. 18.05.2015 Seite 11 Page 11 Areas of involvement - 1 Promotion /Marketing  Women-to-women communications about the advantages of ICS have high credibility and create more market for stoves while men are more free to expand the marketing radius  Women and men with good reputation and acceptable in the community are selected to spear head promotion activities locally (increasing awareness and creating demand for ICS ) Training  Women relate more easily, listen and trust their fellow women, however both recruited to train at any level of VC  Trainings done at the village to allow women to participate and be able to go back home, while men train users in far away villages

12. 18.05.2015 Seite 12 Page 12 Areas of involvement - 2 Consumer education  As stove users, it is easy for women to teach their fellow women but both have opportunity to offer consumer education M&E  Women play a key role in providing feedback and lessons learned in the improvement process. Both genders involved in monitoring and evaluation process Capacity building along VC  To achieve sustainability and further scaling up, training is done for both men and women in stove production, marketing and installation

13. 18.05.2015 Seite 13 Page 13 Results Stove uptake on the rise Kenya Stove Project: Stove sales trend 2006 - 2011

14. 18.05.2015 Seite 14 Page 14 Stove production offers employment opportunities for women Results Nr of trained people Employment of women and men in stove work June 2011 JK ProducerRS Builder JK Installer

15. 18.05.2015 Seite 15 Page 15 Monthly income by gender of stove dealers KshsMenWomen 500 - 500035%49% 5.500 - 10.00034%32% 10.500 - 20.00022.50%12% 20.500 - 30.0001%4% 30.500 - 40.0002.50%3% More than 40.5005%- Source : Project survey report, Sept /Oct. 2011

16. 18.05.2015 Seite 16 Page 1618.05.2015 Overall Impact of Stove Interventions on Women Women empowerment empowerment of women in business orientation and decision making Participation in community meetings, giving opinion and contributing to the well being of the society Improved quality of life (nutrition, health and education) Increased availability of and access to income for women

17. 18.05.2015 Seite 17 Page 17 Jiko kisasa stove producer Jiko kisasa stove installer Dr. Klingshirn visiting a producer group Nov 2011

18. 18.05.2015 Seite 18 Page 18 Improved stove users

19. 18.05.2015 Seite 19 Page 19  Policy HHE sector is largely unregulated  Financing Lack of access to finance for SME with special consideration to women needs (have nothing to offer for collateral, keep away)  Cultural norms - firewood and domestic chores considered a woman´s problem - firewood shortage not perceived as a problem Challenges

20. 18.05.2015 Seite 20 Page 2018.05.2015  Limited opportunities for women Most not well educated, are tied down with other family obligations (therefore cannot move as easily to distant places, but they seem to be very active otherwise)  Challenges for and among development partners Lack of experience / know-how in stove dissemination  Carbon finance Carbon finance often offers stove for free for short term profit, this distorts stove market development!! Conflict of interest between sustainability of the intervention and short-term profits Challenges

21. 18.05.2015 Seite 21 Page 2118.05.2015  Commercial approach provide basis for sustainability of stove activities  Income generation opportunities remain a major motivation for continuation with multiple positive impacts on women  Recognizing the role of women, offering opportunity and encouraging their participation - will increase the likelihood of ICS adoption and long term use  Involvement of more stakeholders for broad mainstreaming of stove activities carries a greater chance of sustainability ( energy, health, environment, gender, agriculture) Lessons Learnt

22. 18.05.2015 Seite 22 Page 22 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ) GmbH Promotion of Private Sector Development in Agriculture anna.ingwe@giz.de www.giz.de Thank you for your attention t Jiko Kisasa Stove in Kenya