1. Essential Question Essential Question: – What were the successes & failures of federal attempts to reconstruct the Union after the Civil War (1865-1877)? Warm-Up Question: Warm-Up Question:

2. The Successes of Reconstruction: What were the successes of federal attempts to reconstruct the South? In groups, determine what the major successes of Reconstruction were by: – Examining 4 placards – Look at each image & then read the details on the back – Take notes in the chart provided

3. Successes of Reconstruction: Placard A

4. Successes of Reconstruction: Placard B

5. Successes of Reconstruction: Placard C

6. The First African-American Congressmen

7. Successes of Reconstruction: Placard D

8. Successes of Reconstruction: Placard E South After the Civil War South Before the Civil War

10. The Failures of Reconstruction: What were the failures of federal attempts to reconstruct the South? In groups, determine what the major failures of Reconstruction were by: – Examining 4 placards – Look at each image & then read the details on the back – Take notes in the chart provided

11. Failures of Reconstruction: Placard 1 From the South Carolina Constitution, 1865 "No person of color shall migrate into and reside in this state, unless, within twenty days after his arrival within the same, he shall enter into a bond with two freeholders as sureties" No person of color could become an artisan, mechanic, or shopkeeper unless he obtained a license from the judge of the district court – a license that could cost $100 or more.

12. Failures of Reconstruction: Placard 2

13. The “Invisible Empire” of the South

14. The Failure of Federal Enforcement

15. Failures of Reconstruction: Placard 3

16. Failures of Reconstruction: Placard 4

17. In 1877, Reconstruction ended: – The Democratic Party returned to power in all 11 Southern states – The only thing protecting blacks were federal troops; but by 1875, Grant had stopped sending reinforcements

18. The Rise of “Redeemer Democrats” in the South

19. The “Compromise of 1877”: – In the 1876 election, neither Democrat Tilden nor Republican Hayes won a majority of electoral vote – Democrats in Congress agreed to vote for Hayes if the remaining federal troops were withdrawn from the South

20. 1876 Presidential Election President Hayes removed federal troops & ended military zones Reconstruction officially ended in 1877