1. Theory of Change William T. Oswald, Ph.D. Global Action Research Center January 2015

2. Value of Theory of Change 1.Brings a clarity of thought 2.Brings embedded contradictions into light 3.Connects interventions to outcomes

3. Approaches Approach 1: Those that focus on how projects or programs expect to bring change Approach 2: Those that explore how change happens more broadly and then what that means for the part that a particular organization or program can play. As the Report from Comic Relief shows, the Theory of Change approach takes many forms. These forms can be placed into two broad approaches:

4. Theory of Change Long- Term Outcome Preconditions Intervention Indicators A B

5. Approach 1: Focus on specific projects or programs ITCH – Directing Evaluation Academic Achievement Attendance Truancy Tardiness Extra-Curricular Activities Access to Opportunity Employment Community Engagement Enrichment Extra-Curricular Activities Range of Opportunities Safety Mobility Comfort Level Youth Opportunity Bus Pass

6. Latina Organizing Committee – Planning Action Approach 1: Focus on specific projects or programs

7. Approach 2: How change happens more broadly and then what that means for the part that a particular organization or program can play San Diego Housing Federation– Where do they fit in?

8. Civically Engaged Research – Understanding Approach 2: How change happens more broadly and then what that means for the part that a particular organization or program can play

9. Exercise

10. A community wants to create ore green space and get rid of vacant lots being used as a dumps. Situation: Desired Outcome: All vacant lots are cleaned and maintained and there is a 30% increase in green space accessible to the community

11. Building a Theory of Change All vacant lots are cleaned and maintained and there is a 30% increase in green space accessible to the community Focus Question: What conditions need to exist for this outcome to be achieved?

12. All vacant lots are cleaned and maintained and there is a 30% increase in green space accessible to the community