1. Expository paper Writing Rules: abbreviationscontractions spell out NO abbreviations, NO contractions (can’t, don’t, we’ll, should’ve, etc.) and spell out numbers less than 100. Capitalize Capitalize names of people, places, awards, names of companies, books, movies, magazines, and newspapers.

2. Introductory paragraph refer to notes Sentence #1: Introduce Mount Rushmore (background info – refer to notes) refer to notes Sentence #2: Discuss the significance of Mount Rushmore (refer to notes) Sentence #3: Inform readers of your task (you have chosen four people to replace the four presidents on Mount Rushmore) State what these people have done Sentence #4: Road Map: What do these four people have in common? (State what these people have done) Name the four people you chose WHY you chose them Sentence #5: Thesis (Name the four people you chose and WHY you chose them.)

3. Thesis Sentence examples My four choices are... ; people who have contributed something special to others in America and made a difference for our country. My Mount Rushmore will include....; these are people who fought for their rights, and who have shaped our country into what it is today. My choices for a new Mount Rushmore are.... who are brave, determined, strong, and smart. My Mount Rushmore includes.... who are all smart, athletic, and very deserving people. My choices for a new Mount Rushmore are...., all people who are brave, revolutionary, and good leaders. My Mount Rushmore includes...., who are strong, intelligent, and revolutionary, and also great leaders. *Notice that each thesis is parallel. If the first item of your list is a verb, then the remainder must be verbs. If the first item of your list is a noun, then the remainder must be nouns.

4. Introduction: Example Seventy years ago four famous faces were chosen by a sculptor to be a part of Mount Rushmore forever. This National Monument honors four American presidents who made brave and courageous decisions in the first 150 years of our history as a nation. Since the time of their dedication, other Americans have displayed the characteristics necessary for their face to be displayed on Mount Rushmore. My four choices are people who made important contributions to America in sports, civil rights, writing, and humor. Jackie Robinson, Judge Thurgood Marshall, Maya Angelou, and Bill Cosby would make great additions to Mount Rushmore because of their positive attitudes, their amazing talents, and their support for the civil rights of all Americans.

5. Examples of topic sentences Billy Graham, Jr. was a Christian evangelist First, Billy Graham, Jr. was a Christian evangelist who is most famous for being the spiritual advisor to several United States Presidents. Francis Scott Key, a lawyer and author My first choice is Francis Scott Key, a lawyer and author who wrote the famous lyrics for our country’s national anthem. Patrick Henry, a Virginia Delegate who gave a patriotic speech in 1775 As an example, our country’s freedom owes many thanks to Patrick Henry, a Virginia Delegate who gave a patriotic speech in 1775 to convince Congress to raise a militia against England. George Eastman, a man who invented the Kodak camera One deserving choice for Mount Rushmore is George Eastman, a man who invented the Kodak camera which now allows us to save photo images on paper.

6. Clincher Sentence last The last sentence in your body paragraph. A “wrap-it-up” sentence. Examples Jackie Robinson should be honored with a place on Mount Rushmore because he endured racism, and he brought about changes in desegregating baseball. The bravery and heroism displayed by Gen. George MacArthur during World War II show how much he deserves a place on Mount Rushmore. One of the our country’s famous lawyers and the first African American Supreme Court Judge, Thurgood Marshall, should have his face on Mount Rushmore for the progress he made in equal rights for blacks.

7. Conclusion: Example In conclusion, the four presidents displayed on Mount Rushmore were chosen for their significant contributions to America, but today there are still Americans who deserve to be honored for their more recent contributions. Jackie Robinson endured racism in baseball and Thurgood Marshall battled for civil rights for African Americans in the courtroom. Maya Angelou wrote brilliant poetry, including poems for presidents, and Bill Cosby broke down the walls of racism with his humor. Millions of visitors go to Mount Rushmore to experience our rich history, and now it is time to give these visitors new faces to discover. Someday the faces of brave men and women who helped with the Civil Rights Movement may have their famous faces on Mount Rushmore.

8. So what’s wrong? One of 4 people I chose has made many accomplishments including being the 2 nd black secretary of state. He is a 13 time pro bowl attender. He delivered his famous I have a dream speech. In Arizona she was the assistant attorney general. He won the nobel prize in 1920. He became CEO of Apple in 9/16/1997. The people on Mt. Rushmore should be there & more could be added. My first choice is MLK jr. because he was a civil rights leader. He graduated from high school at the age of 15.

9. Rough Draft #2 Write on lined paper Indent for every paragraph Introduction: 5 sentences with thesis sentence at the end (follow your graphic organizer) EVERY body paragraph begins with: transition word and topic sentence Facts are written in complete sentences CLINCHER sentence is a summary sentence that ends EVERY body paragraph Conclusion: 4 sentences

10. Grading: Rough Draft #2  Correct SPELLING – MAJOR points deducted for spelling the NAMES of your choices wrong!  Correct capitalization – check names, places, awards, movies, titles, magazines, etc.  Complete sentences with correct punctuation – end punctuation, punctuation of movies, names, awards, titles, books, magazines, etc.  Spell out numbers below 100.  NO abbreviations – Mt., MLK, US, &, w/, etc.  Correct format – paper heading, title of paper centered and underlined, indent paragraphs.