1. HOW I LEARNED TO STOP WORRYING AND LOVE THE BOMB (AND THE ARMS RACE, AND THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM) ACTUALLY, YOU SHOULD JUST CALL THESE NOTES “THE ARMS RACE.” SORRY.

2. THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM

3. NATO AND THE WARSAW PACT For “The North Atlantic Treaty” (p. 58) or “The Warsaw Pact” (p. 59): 1. What kinds of countries are signing this pact? 2. What do these countries say their purpose is? 3. What are these countries promising to each other?

4. THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM NATO  Formed 1949  Alliance of capitalist, democratic countries  “An attack on one of us is an attack on all of us” The Warsaw Pact  Formed 1955  Alliance of communist countries  “An attack on one of us is an attack on all of us”

5. IN YOUR NOTEBOOK  Do you think the alliance system made the world more or less safe?  Why?

6. THE ARMS RACE

7. NUCLEAR WEAPONS  Highly explosive devices developed during WWII  US dropped first nuclear weapons on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945  USSR tested first nuclear weapon on August 29, 1949

8. THE ARMS RACE  Date: roughly 1945-1990  Definition: competition between the US and the USSR to develop greater military capacity  Significance  Required huge military expenses  Made the world more dangerous… or did it?

9. SOME NEW WEAPONS

10. THERMONUCLEAR (HYDROGEN) BOMBS

11. INTERCONTINENTAL BALLISTIC MISSILES (ICBMS)

12. TSAR BOMBA

14. NUCLEAR SUBMARINES

15. CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

16. THE SPACE RACE

17. CIVIL DEFENSE  Civil defense shelters  Preparedness efforts  Education efforts – Bert the TurtleBert the Turtle

18. SO WHY AREN’T WE ALL DEAD?  Key concept of the Cold War: mutual assured destruction (MAD)  Principles of MAD:  Each side maintains enough offensive capacity to annihilate the other side  Huge arms stockpiles are a deterrent – they discourage offensive attacks