1. Central Wisconsin Dairy Series

2. Presented by:Matt Lippert, Wood County Ag Agent Bob Kaiser and Randy Shaver Department of Dairy Science University of Wisconsin – Madison Forage Programs in High Producing Herds Central Wisconsin Agriculture Specialization

3. Survey Herds* Hensen Bros. Dairy Inc., Waunakee Koepke Farms Inc., Oconomowoc Rosy Lane Holstein LLC, Watertown Crave Brothers Farm, Waterloo SoFine Bovines LLC, Westfield Oechsner Farms, Brownsville *All freestall-parlor-TMR herds

4. Survey Herds (Jan.-Feb, 2004) Item (n=6) Range DHI No. of Cows Milking276 – 566 DHI RHA Milk, lb29,055 – 31,195 Times Milked3x (4), 4x (1), 4x-3x (1) Bulk Tank Milk lb / d90 – 94 Fat %3.7 – 3.8 True Protein %3.0 SCC119,000 – 225,000 Days in Milk173 – 198

5. Survey Herds (Jan.-Feb, 2004) Item (n=6) Range BST, % of Herd63 – 83 % DHI Annual Turnover18 – 44 DHI Avg. Age, mos.40 – 48 % Milking Heifers28 – 40 Heifer Calving Age, mos.22 – 25 Target Days Dry45 – 60 DHI Days Dry (% > 70 d Dry) 53 – 75 (avg. 20%)

6. Survey Herds (Jan.-Feb, 2004) Item (n=6) Range No. of Dry Cow Groups2 (6 herds) No. of Dry Cow Diets2 (3 herds), 1 (3 herds) Post-Fresh Groupall 6 herds Post-Fresh Diet2 herds No. of Milking Cow Groups5 (2 herds), 4 (2 herds) 3 (1 herd), 2 (1 herd) No. of Milking Cow Diets1 – 4

7. Survey Herds (Jan.-Feb, 2004) Item (n=6) Range Stall Stocking Density, %100 – 117 (avg. 107) Lock-ups4 Herds Bunk Space, linear feet / cow1.2 – 2.1 (avg. 1.7) No. Times Fedall herds 1x No. Times Pushed Up0 (2), 2x (1), 4x (1), 7x (1), 12x (1) Feed Refusal Target, %0 (4), 3 – 5 (2) High-Groups

8. Forage Programs ForageMilking CowsDry Cows Corn Silage6/6 Alfalfa Silage6/6 Dry Hay3/6 Wheat Straw2/63/6 Oatlage---2/6 Corn Stalklage---1/6

9. High-Group Dietary Forage Item (n=6) Range Forage, % DMB45 – 53 Corn Silage, % Forage DM41 – 68

11. Corn Silage Production Hybrid Dual Purpose – 5/6 bm 3 – 1/6 Leafy – 1/6 Storage Bags – 2/6 Bunkers – 4/6 Piles – 1/6 Additives LAB – 4/6 Liquid Urea/Molasses – 1/6 Kernel Processing – 6/6

12. Corn Silage Nutrient Composition Item (n=6) AverageRange DM %3329 – 36 CP, % DMB 97.9 – 10.8 NDF, % DMB4439.3 – 49.0 NDFD, % of NDF6361 – 67 NFC, % DMB3930.9 – 43.9 Ash, % DMB 74.8 – 9.5 TDN 1x, % DMB7165.8 – 73.4

13. Corn Silage Processing Score Mertens, USDFRC & Dairyland Labs, Arcadia, WI Ro-Tap Shaker 9 sieves (0.6 thru 19 mm) and pan Analyze for starch on 4.75 mm & greater sieves % of starch passing 4.75 mm sieve CSPS >70% 70% to 50% < 50% Optimum Average Poor

14. Corn Silage Processing Score ItemHensenKoepke Rosy Lane CraveSoFineOechsner DM % 29363036 31 Starch % 253125283227 % Starch thru 4.75mm sieve 687763475641

15. Corn Silage Particle Size Item (n=6) AverageRange % Coarse188 – 32 % Medium6859 – 74 % Fine149 – 18 MPL, inches0.420.34 – 0.51

16. Corn Silage Fermentation Profiles Item (n=6) AverageRange DM %3329 – 36 pH3.83.7 – 3.9 Lactate, % DMB4.73.3 – 6.8 Acetate, % DMB2.00.4 – 3.3 Lactate, % of Total7052 – 91 Ammonia, % of CP163.3 – 36.1

18. Alfalfa Silage Harvest/Storage Cutting Schedule 4x – 5/6 4x, 3x – 1/6 Storage Bags – 4/9 Bunkers – 3/9 Uprights – 2/9 Additives LAB – 6/6

19. Alfalfa Silage Nutrient Composition ItemAverageRange DM %3928 – 52 CP, % DMB2118.6 – 25.5 RUP, % of CP1916 – 21 NDF, % DMB3835.3 – 41.7 NDFD, % of NDF4539 – 58 NFC, % DMB2823.8 – 35.3 Ash, % DMB1210.3 – 14.3 TDN 1x, % DMB6158.2 – 64.7

20. Alfalfa Silage Particle Size ItemAverageRange % Coarse205 – 34 % Medium6153 – 71 % Fine1910 – 35 MPL, inches 0.380.22 – 0.53

21. Alfalfa Silage Fermentation Profiles Item (n=9) AverageRange DM %3928 – 52 pH 4.54.2 – 5.3 Lactate, % DMB 3.70.6 – 5.2 Acetate, % DMB 2.40.4 – 5.5 Butyrate, % DMB 0.10 – 1.0 Lactate, % of Total618 – 91 Ammonia, % of CP1810.8 – 44.0

23. Corn Harvest & Storage Type HM Shelled – 4/6 Dry Shelled – 3/6 HMSC Storage Uprights – 2/4 Bags – 2/4 HMSC Additives LAB – 3/4 Processing HMSC Roller Mill – 3/4 Hammer Mill – 2/4 DSC Hammer mill 2/2

24. HM Shelled Corn Particle Size Item (n=4) AverageRange DM %7574 – 76 MPS, microns1589929 – 2071 % passing #16 or 1180 micron sieve 2712 – 51

25. Dry Shelled Corn Particle Size Item (n=2) Range DM %84 – 85 MPS, microns573 – 794 % passing #16 or 1180 micron sieve 57 – 90

27. Milking Cow Diet Ingredients IngredientFrequency HM or Dry Corn6/6 Corn Starch1/6 Corn Gluten Feed3/6 Distiller’s Dried Grains2/6 Whole Cottonseed6/6 Soy Hulls1/6 Beet Pulp1/6 Liquid Feed Supplement2/6 Liquid Whey1/6

28. Milking Cow Diet Ingredients IngredientFrequency Soybean Meal5/6 Soy Plus®1/6 Roasted Soybeans4/6 Linseed Meal1/6 Corn Gluten Meal 602/6 Blood Meal4/6 Fish Meal1/6 Feather Meal1/6 Purina Milking Custom - Ext1/6

29. Milking Cow Diet Ingredients IngredientFrequency Urea3/6 Tallow3/6 Energy Booster®1/6 Megalac®1/6 Megalac-R®1/6 Sodium Bicarbonate4/6 Yeast6/6 Zinpro®2/6 4-Plex®3/6 Sel-Plex®1/6

30. Milking Cow Diet Ingredients IngredientFrequency Biotin4/6 Niacin1/6 Mepron®1/6 Omnigen-AF®3/6 Bacterial-DFM5/6

31. High-Group Nutrient Formulations Item (n=6) Range CP, % DMB17.0 – 18.5 RUP, % of CP35 – 38 NDF, % DMB26.2 – 32.3 NDF-forage, % DMB18.0 – 22.5 NFC, % DMB38.1 – 43.5 Fat, % DMB4.6 – 6.4 TDN 1x, % DMB74.5 – 77.0

32. High-Group Nutrient Formulations Item (n=6) Range Ca, % DMB0.84 – 1.03 P, % DMB0.37 – 0.41 Mg, % DMB0.33 – 0.39 K, % DMB1.16 – 1.60 Salt, % DMB (added)0.22 – 0.50 Suppl. A, IU / lb DM2227 – 4224 Suppl. D, IU / lb DM557 – 1086 Suppl. E, IU / lb DM10 – 33

34. DMI of Milking Groups ItemHensenKoepke Rosy Lane CraveSoFineOechsner lb / d45 – 60 (54) 52 – 62 (58)(55) 51 – 62 (56) 44 – 68 (58) 45 – 58 (56)

35. High-Group TMR Analysis Item (n=6) AverageRange DM %48.840 – 57 CP, % DMB17.716.7 – 18.4 NDF, % DMB29.527.3 – 31.0 NDFD, % NDF6051 – 67 NFC, % DMB40.838.2 – 42.8 Fat, % DMB5.55.0 – 6.0

36. High-Group TMR Analysis Item (n=6) AverageRange Ca, % DMB0.950.71 – 1.07 P, % DMB0.390.35 – 0.44 Mg, % DMB0.350.29 – 0.38 K, % DMB1.511.35 – 1.63

37. High-Group TMR Analysis Item (n=6) AverageRange DM %48.840 – 57 % Coarse107 – 15 % Medium4032 – 54 % Fine5038 – 58

38. High-Group Diet NRC-01 Model Evaluation Item (n=6) AverageRange NE L Allowable Milk lb / d10699 – 114 % of observed99%93% – 107% MP Allowable Milk lb / d10396 – 116 % of observed96%92% – 100%

39. High-Group Diet NRC-01 Model Evaluation Item (n=6) AverageRange Lysine, % of MP6.36.2 – 6.4 Methionine, % of MP1.91.8 – 2.1 Lys:Met3.43.1 – 3.5

40. Feed Efficiency & Feed Cost Per Cwt. Item (n=6) Range Bulk Tank Milk / Avg. DMI1.57 – 1.70 Feed Cost Per Cwt. Bulk Tank Milk$4.01 – $4.50

41. Visit UW-Madison Dairy Science Department Website http://www.wisc.edu/dysci/