1. ELECTRICITY

2. Review - On your handout, label the diagram and fill in the blanks.
STATIC ELECTRICITY
Review - On your handout, label the diagram and fill in the blanks. + -
1) An atom can get a charge by
gaining or losing electrons.
2) An atom will become a
negative ion if it gains electrons
3) An atom will become a positive
ion if it loses electrons.

3. + + + - - - + - EXPLORING STATIC CHARGES ELECTRICITY
- a form of energy that results from the interaction
of charged particles (such as protons and electrons)
LAW OF ELECTRIC CHARGES
1) LIKE CHARGES REPEL
3) CHARGED OBJECTS ATTRACT
NEUTRAL OBJECTS + + + - - -
2) OPPOSITE CHARGES ATTRACT + -

4. STATIC ELECTRICITY
when charges build up on the surface of
an object and tend to be stationary (static)
CHARGING BY FRICTION
when two materials are rubbed together , the friction can cause
electrons to get knocked off one material and transferred to the
next
If we rub an ebonite rod with a
piece of fur, both objects
become charged.
Ebonite Rod
Demonstrations:
Pith ball
Water stream
Evaporating dish
Fur

5. ELECTRON TRANSFER ELECTROSTATIC SERIES How do we know the charge on
the ebonite rod?
ELECTROSTATIC SERIES
Acetate
Glass
Wool
Fur, human hair
Calcium, Magnesium
Silk
Aluminum, Zinc
Cotton
Paraffin Wax
Ebonite
Plastic (polyethylene)
Carbon, Copper, Nickel
Rubber
Sulfur
Platinum, gold
weak hold on
electrons
strong hold on
ELECTROSTATIC SERIES
this is a list of materials that have
been arranged according to their
ability to hold on to electrons
electrons
transfer

6. - - - + + + OPPOSITES ATTRACT = STATIC CLING REAL LIFE SCENARIO
You put some cotton socks in the dryer along with a wool sweater.
When you pull them out of the dryer, the sock sticks to the sweater. Explain? - - + - + +
electrons
transfer
OPPOSITES ATTRACT = STATIC CLING

7. INSULATORS AND CONDUCTORS
a material in which electrons can move easily
between atoms
metals (copper, iron)
have a weak hold on their outer electrons
INSULATORS
a material in which electrons cannot move easily
between atoms
non- metals (rubber, glass, plastic)
have a strong hold on their outer electrons

8. GROUNDING
when a charged object is discharged or neutralized by a connection with Earth
Earth is so large it acts like a pool of charge - it can give or take electrons - but
its always remains neutral - - - + -
electrons
flow from Earth to
neutralize
the sweater
extra electrons
flow to ground

9. CHARGED OBJECTS ATTRACTING NEUTRAL OBJECTS??? REAL LIFE SCENARIO
You rub a plastic balloon on your head several times. You then put the balloon
against a wall and it sticks. Explain.
Balloon is negatively
charged
Hair transfers
electrons to balloon
Hair is now positively
charged
Balloon is
attracted to the wall
negative balloon put
against neutral wall
negative charges in
wall are repelled by
negative balloon
surface of wall is now
positively charged

10. SEATWORK
Answer these questions on a separate sheet of paper. Use full sentences and be as thorough as possible. (Refer to pg in textbook)
How do anti-static sheets work for clothes?
Why are static charges more common during the winter
when the air is dry?
HOMEWORK (Handout)
answer # 1, 3 on pg 406 in the textbook.
answer # 3, 4, 6 on pg 410 in the textbook.

11. HOMEWORK - pg 406 #1 , 3
1. The comb holds its electrons more tightly. The charge on the comb would be
negative (its takes electrons from the hair)
Leather loses electrons - polyester gains electrons (becomes negative), therefore leather has a weaker hold on its electrons and must be above polyester on the series.
HOMEWORK - pg 410 #3, 4, 6
3. Aluminum is closer to human hair than plastic in the electrostatic series.
Since aluminum and human hair are close, their hold on electrons are similar
and the transfer of charge will be minimal.
4. Nylon - lose electrons - positively charged
silk - gain electrons - negatively charged
6. a) X - neutral, Y - neutral, Z - neutral
b) Cloth Y - it gained electrons, solid X lost electrons
c) Solid Z gained electrons, stronger hold on electrons than cloth
Strongest to weakest - Solid Z, Cloth Y, Solid X

12. SEATWORK ANTI-STATIC SHEETS
Anti-static sheet is a small piece of cloth with a waxy compound
Hot air vaporizes the wax and coats the clothes - causing the clothes to behave
as if they were made up of the same material
WHY IS STATIC MORE COMMON DURING WINTER THAN SUMMER?
dry air is a good insulator, moist air is a fair conductor
in summer, air is moist and charges can transfer to or from the water vapour
in the air
side note - pure water is a good insulator , water is almost never pure, so water is usually a good conductor of electricity (so get out of the pool during
a thunderstorm)